Equality Act 2010 Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the Equality Act 2010?

To replace existing anti-discrimination laws with a single Act that simplifies the law and strengthens protections against discrimination and inequality.

List three protected characteristics under the Equality Act.

Disability, race, and gender reassignment.

What were the Disability Discrimination Acts (DDA) and when were they enacted?

The DDA consisted of acts from 1995 and 2005 that aimed to protect disabled people from discrimination.

What does direct disability discrimination entail?

It involves treating a person less favorably than someone else due to their disability. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three new forms of disability discrimination introduced by the Equality Act?

Direct disability discrimination, discrimination arising from disability, and indirect disability discrimination. Signup and view all the answers

How did the DDA ensure that disabled people could access goods and services?

By requiring businesses and public organizations to eliminate physical barriers and provide accessible services. Signup and view all the answers

What significant change was made to the DDA in 2005 regarding specific illnesses?

It extended coverage to individuals diagnosed with HIV infection, cancer, and multiple sclerosis. Signup and view all the answers

How does the Equality Act 2010 differ from previous discrimination laws?

It consolidates various laws into one, ensuring clarity and stronger protections against discrimination. Signup and view all the answers

What are some ways to make communication easier for people with learning difficulties?

Using plain language, providing visual aids like pictures or symbols, and allowing for an assistant or advocate to accompany the person can all make communication easier. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main point regarding mental health conditions?

Mental health conditions are often hidden and can manifest in various ways, so it's important to be patient and non-judgemental. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception about people with psychiatric disabilities?

The misconception is that they are more likely to be violent than people without psychiatric disabilities. Signup and view all the answers

How does the text address potential dangers associated with mental illness?

It highlights the possibility of self-harm or harming others during an active phase, but emphasizes that this is not always the case. Signup and view all the answers

What is the prevalence rate of mental illness in the working population?

One in six working individuals will experience mental illness in any given year. Signup and view all the answers

When is stress or depression considered disabling?

Stress or depression is considered disabling if it lasts for more than 12 months. Signup and view all the answers

What are some important considerations when interacting with someone who may have mental health problems?

It is important to be patient, non-judgemental, avoid making assumptions, and respect personal space. Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommendation for creating a welcoming environment for people with mental health issues?

The text recommends providing a welcoming atmosphere, minimizing noise and distractions. Signup and view all the answers

What type of claim could Emma bring against the staff making fun of her stammer?

Emma could bring a claim of harassment related to disability. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Equality Act as mentioned in the training module?

The primary purpose of the Equality Act is to ensure that all customers are treated equally and to prevent discrimination against disabled individuals. Signup and view all the answers

What could be the consequence for a taxi firm if they discriminate against a disabled person?

The taxi firm could end up in court and potentially face an unlimited fine. Signup and view all the answers

What significant change did the Taxis and Private Hire Vehicles (Disabled Persons) Act 2022 introduce?

The Act amended the Equality Act 2010 to introduce new duties for taxi drivers regarding the assistance of disabled passengers. Signup and view all the answers

What kind of vehicles are required to accept the carriage of wheelchair users?

Drivers of designated wheelchair accessible vehicles (WAVs) are required to accept the carriage of wheelchair users. Signup and view all the answers

Which group of disabled passengers is excluded from the previous protections under the Equality Act before the amendments?

Wheelchair users who can fold their wheelchairs and travel in non-WAVs, as well as all other disabled passengers not using a wheelchair. Signup and view all the answers

What are taxi and private hire drivers required to do under the amended Equality Act?

They are required to provide reasonable mobility assistance and refrain from charging disabled passengers extra. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for local licensing authorities to enforce these new duties?

It is important to prevent discrimination and ensure that disabled individuals receive appropriate assistance when traveling. Signup and view all the answers

What responsibilities do transport drivers have towards passengers in wheelchairs according to the Equality Act 2010?

Drivers must carry the passenger in the wheelchair or load the wheelchair if the passenger chooses a seat, assist with any mobility aids, and ensure safety and comfort without any additional charges. Signup and view all the answers

How does the medical model of disability approach the issues faced by disabled individuals?

The medical model views disability as a problem belonging to the individual, suggesting that they need to change or be cured to fit into society. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary perspective of the social model of disability?

The social model sees societal structures and attitudes as the disabling factors, highlighting that barriers should be removed to accommodate individuals with disabilities. Signup and view all the answers

What are the consequences for drivers who fail to comply with the mobility assistance requirements?

Drivers can face a fine of up to £1,000 and their fitness to be licensed may be reviewed if convicted of an Equality Act offence. Signup and view all the answers

In what manner should drivers assist passengers who wish to remain in their wheelchairs?

Drivers must enable passengers to get in and out of vehicles while remaining in their wheelchairs and ensure the wheelchair is loaded accordingly. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Equality Act 2010 define as reasonable assistance for passengers?

Reasonable assistance includes helping passengers enter or exit the vehicle and loading their luggage or mobility aids. Signup and view all the answers

Why is the medical model of disability criticized in relation to social inclusion?

It is criticized because it promotes dependency and fails to address external societal barriers that affect individuals with disabilities. Signup and view all the answers

How might society change to better accommodate individuals with disabilities based on the social model?

Society can become more inclusive by redesigning public spaces and services to eliminate barriers and meet diverse needs. Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of 'short stature' as described in the document?

Short stature refers to the height of a person deemed to be well below average, often defined as an adult height of less than 4'1". Signup and view all the answers

Why should you avoid treating an adult of short stature as cute and childlike?

Treating an adult of short stature as cute and childlike is disrespectful and can be patronizing. Signup and view all the answers

What is one important consideration when setting up facilities for individuals of short stature?

Facilities should ensure that items are within easy reach to accommodate individuals of short stature. Signup and view all the answers

How can effective communication be facilitated with someone of short stature?

Communication is easier when individuals are at the same level, such as sitting down together or standing slightly away to maintain eye contact. Signup and view all the answers

What assumption about intelligence should not be made regarding individuals of short stature?

It is incorrect to assume that individuals of short stature have learning difficulties; typically, they possess normal levels of intelligence. Signup and view all the answers

What are some potential reasons for speech and language impairments?

Speech and language impairments can arise from conditions like a stroke, Cerebral Palsy, or facial disfigurement. Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by specific language difficulties?

Specific language difficulties refer to problems with speech and language that are unrelated to other disabilities and can affect understanding or usage of language. Signup and view all the answers

How do the difficulties in speech and language development vary among individuals?

Difficulties in speech and language development can be mild to severe and can affect some or all areas of communication. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key etiquette point to remember when communicating with someone who has a speech and language impairment?

Make eye contact and listen attentively without interrupting. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important not to correct a person who has speech difficulties?

Correcting them can be rude and embarrassing, disrupting their ability to communicate. Signup and view all the answers

What strategies can help improve communication with someone who has language impairments?

Using yes/no questions and avoiding distractions can facilitate better communication. Signup and view all the answers

How should one approach communication with a person who has learning disabilities?

Keep language simple and be patient, ready to explain things more than once. Signup and view all the answers

What assumption should you avoid making regarding a person with a speech issue?

Do not assume they have problems with hearing or intellect. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if you do not understand what a person with a speech impairment has said?

Ask them to repeat themselves rather than making assumptions. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it crucial to give enough time to someone with speech difficulties?

Giving them time allows them to communicate more effectively without feeling rushed. Signup and view all the answers

What is a fundamental belief one should hold when communicating with someone with learning disabilities?

Believe that you will be understood by the person with learning disabilities. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Disability Awareness Training for Taxi & Private Hire Drivers

Equo is a trading name of Inclu Consulting Ltd.
Version 2 (November 2022) includes a section on the Taxi and Private Hire Vehicles (Disabled Persons) Act 2022.
This training is a collaboration with Tunbridge Wells Borough Council, Sevenoaks District Council, and Maidstone Borough Council.

Definitions of Disability

The Equality Act 2010 replaced the Disability Discrimination Acts and protects against discrimination based on characteristics like disability.
Disability is defined as a physical or mental impairment with a substantial and long-term negative impact on everyday activities (lasting 12 months or more).
Normal daily activities include eating, washing, walking, and shopping.
Key capacities protected under the act include mobility, manual dexterity, speech, hearing, eyesight, and memory.

Discrimination

Discrimination occurs when someone is treated less favorably than another solely because of their disability.
Common sense plays a significant role in recognizing potential discrimination.
Exceptions exist for circumstances where changes required for a disabled person would fundamentally alter a business's operations (e.g. adjustments to a nightclub's ambiance for a visually impaired person).
Health and safety concerns can be valid but must not single out disabled customers for exclusion.
Associative discrimination involves discriminating against someone because they associate with a disabled person.
Discrimination by perception involves discrimination because others perceive someone as having a disability.

Getting in on the Act

The Equality Act 2010 simplifies discrimination laws from previous acts, removing inconsistencies.
Protected characteristics under the Act include disability, gender reassignment, pregnancy and maternity, race, religion or belief, sex, and sexual orientation.
The Act covers businesses and public sector organizations needing to be accessible to disabled people.

Discrimination Arising From Disability

Discrimination occurs when a disabled person is treated unfavorably due to something connected with their disability that cannot be justified.
This differs from direct discrimination where a person is treated unfavorably due to their disability itself.

Indirect Disability Discrimination

Indirect discrimination occurs when a policy or practice disadvantages disabled people, even if applied equally to everyone.
The policy/practice must be legitimate and reasonable, not unreasonably discriminatory

Access to your premises

Ensuring suitable external and internal access for visitors, employees, and potential employees with disabilities is crucial.
"Reasonable adjustments" are necessary, considering financial constraints.
Most common concerns relate to wheelchair access.
Consulting with guidelines on building regulations/standards (like Part M of the Building Regulations, BS8300:2009) is mandatory to make appropriate alterations and ensure accessibility.
Planning adjustments is recommended for frequently visited areas.

Employment

The Equality Act 2010 outlines rights for disabled employees and how to incorporate disability considerations into work activities.
Previous acts were more restrictive, and this update enhances accessibility for disabled individuals (e.g. moving their wheelchair into specific positions for greater comfort and safety).
Reasonable accommodations are necessary under this act.

Visual Impairment

Visual impairments cover a wide range of sight loss, from gradual decline to complete vision loss.
Basic etiquette includes clear introductions, identifying yourself, and using descriptive language.
Guide dogs or assistance dogs should be respected as vital "assistants" and not disturbed.
Medical exemptions permitting the lack of assistance may apply in certain circumstances.
Communicating clearly with the visually impaired is crucial.

Mobility Impairment

Mobility impairments cover physical limitations related to movement.
A person with a mobility impairment may not always use a wheelchair.
Establishing eye level and maintaining appropriate personal space are crucial.
Providing assistance in entering or exiting a vehicle or facility is crucial, without unnecessary intrusion.

Hearing Impairments

Hearing loss affects a significant portion of the population, particularly older adults.
Communication with those with hearing impairments may require modifications including lip reading, clear speech, visual aids, and interpreters..
Understanding that lip reading isn't always perfect.
Asking the person if they prefer to use sign language as a primary communication method.

Disfigurement

Disfigurement is deeply and persistently harmed appearance due to a disease, birth defect, or wound.
Body disfigurements need to be treated with sensitivity and respect.
Do not stare or act uncomfortably, and refrain from asking intrusive questions; instead communicate easily and politely.

Short Stature

Short stature refers to a person's height substantially below average.
Avoid patronizing behaviors, such as patting on the head; instead, ensure items are within easy reach for those with shorter height.
Remember that people with short stature are not automatically incapable or intellectually disabled

Speech & Language Impairments

Speech and language impairments can range from mild to severe and stem from varied causes.
Do not attempt to correct or finish the person's sentences, encourage direct communication instead.
Ensure clarity, patience and avoid distractions when communicating.
Consider the possibility of requiring assistance or a language interpreter for assistance with communication

Learning Disabilities

Learning disabilities encompass various difficulties in learning and understanding.
Adapt language, explain things multiple times, and use visual aids where helpful.
Be approachable and understanding, avoiding presumptions about the person's capability or intelligence.

Mental Health

Mental health conditions may manifest in varying ways, often silently. Do not assume people with mental health conditions are more prone to violence.
Be patient and non-judgmental; respect personal space and provide support with calm, understanding and clear language.

Assistance Dogs

The new law also covers assistance dogs for a multitude of disabilities.
Service providers have a legal duty to allow access for assistance dogs.
Medical exemptions might exist to refuse service for certain medical conditions.
Remember that assistance dogs require attention to remain in a positive and helpful state of mind during service to their owners.

Safe Transportation of Wheelchairs

Safety and appropriate transportation of wheelchairs is essential for customers with disabilities.
Drivers need to correctly secure wheelchairs to ensure the safety of the user and other passengers..
Consider vehicle suitability, weather conditions, and potential hazards.
Wheelchair restraints are paramount for safety, comfort and security for both passenger and driver.

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Description

Explore the key aspects of the Equality Act 2010, including its purpose and the protected characteristics it covers. This quiz also delves into the history of disability discrimination laws, their evolution, and the current understanding of mental health conditions. Test your knowledge on how these laws impact accessibility and communication for disabled individuals.