Epidemiology: Disease Frequency and Outbreaks
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Questions and Answers

Why are specific terms used to describe the frequency of a disease?

  • To determine the cause of a disease
  • To track the number of deaths due to a disease
  • To understand the severity of a disease
  • To understand how widespread a disease is and who is at risk of being exposed to it (correct)

    • What is the main difference between a sporadic disease and an epidemic?

  • The severity of the disease
  • The cause of the disease
  • The frequency of the disease (correct)
  • The number of people affected

    • What is necessary for a pathogen to cause disease?

  • Only evading the immune system and inflicting damage on host tissues
  • Entering the host body, evading the immune system, adhering to specific host cells, invading and colonizing host tissues, and inflicting damage on those tissues (correct)
  • Only adhering to specific host cells and invading host tissues
  • Only entering the host body

    • What is the term for an organism that causes disease?

    <p>Pathogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does disease occur?

    <p>If and when the invasion and growth of a pathogen impair bodily functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must a pathogen do to infect a host?

    <p>Enter the host body, evade the immune system, adhere to specific host cells, invade and colonize host tissues, and inflict damage on those tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a pathogen invades and grows within a host?

    <p>The host's bodily functions may be impaired</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Disease Frequency

    • Epidemiologists use specific terms to describe the frequency or number of cases of a disease in a population to understand the disease's spread and identify at-risk individuals.

    Disease Classification

    • Sporadic disease: occurs infrequently and irregularly.
    • Epidemic: a sudden increase in the number of cases of a disease in a population.

    Infection and Disease

    • Infection occurs when a disease-causing organism invades and grows within a host organism
    • Disease occurs when the invasion and growth of a pathogen impairs bodily functions

    Pathogens

    • Pathogens are organisms that are infectious and cause disease
    • To cause disease, pathogens must:
      • Enter the host body
      • Evade the immune system
      • Adhere to specific host cells
      • Invade and colonize host tissues
      • Inflict damage on host tissues

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    Description

    Learn key terms used in epidemiology to describe disease frequency, including sporadic diseases and epidemics. Understand how to measure disease occurrence in a population.

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