Epidemiology and Surveillance Concepts

A sudden increase in disease cases in a specific area or population, exceeding expected rates.

An agent that causes disease, such as bacteria or viruses.

The likelihood of being affected by a disease due to lack of resistance.

External elements that can influence disease spread, like climate and sanitation.

Actions and choices of individuals that can impact disease spread.

The state of being open to harm or attack, increasing disease risk.

Diseases caused by pathogens that can spread from person to person.

The use of technology to provide medical care remotely.

The study of how diseases affect the health and illness of populations.

A research tool to collect data from a sample to understand health behaviors and risks.

Ongoing collection and analysis of health event data to assess public health programs.

Intensive data acquisition and recording of diseases in a population.

Identifying disease early to reduce associated risks and improve overall health.

Controlled studies examining disease-causing factors in a community.

Initiatives aimed at improving health outcomes on a population level.

Evaluating if the vaccine causes a serious condition in a population.

Types of research assessing health-related events in populations.

Observational studies assessing a sample population at one time point.

Studies following a group with common characteristics over time.

Compares two groups to identify risk factors for a disease.

Describes disease transmission mechanisms using equations.

Identifies associations between variables using observational data.

Total cases of a disease at a specific time in a population.

Number of new cases of a disease occurring in a population over time.