Epidemiology and Public Health Lecture Notes
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Questions and Answers

Who is the author of the revised textbook?

  • Yoav Ben-Shlomo
  • Bruce Bolam
  • The current author (not specified) (correct)
  • Debbie A. Lawlor

    • Where can one find more details about this book?

  • www.bristol.ac.uk
  • www.google.com
  • www.amazon.com
  • www.wiley.com/buy/9781444334784 (correct)

    • Who is the Professor of Clinical Epidemiology at the University of Bristol?

  • Matthew Hickman
  • Yoav Ben-Shlomo (correct)
  • Sara T. Brookes
  • John Wiley

    • What is the topic of chapter 11?

    <p>Effectiveness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the title of the book written by Yoav Ben-Shlomo, Sara T. Brookes, and Matthew Hickman?

    <p>Epidemiology, Evidence-based Medicine and Public Health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the title of chapter 7?

    <p>Investigating causes of disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which publisher acquired Blackwell Publishing in 2007?

    <p>John Wiley &amp; Sons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is the author of chapter 10?

    <p>Yoav Ben-Shlomo and Matthew Hickman</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the registered office of John Wiley & Sons, Ltd located?

    <p>Chichester, West Sussex, UK</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the topic of chapter 12?

    <p>Systematic reviews and meta-analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the edition number of the book written by Yoav Ben-Shlomo, Sara T. Brookes, and Matthew Hickman?

    <p>Sixth Edition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the title of chapter 9?

    <p>Diagnosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is the Senior Lecturer in Health Services Research & Medical Statistics at the University of Bristol?

    <p>Sara T. Brookes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is the author of chapter 13?

    <p>William Hollingworth and Sian Noble</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where can the Glossary of terms be found?

    <p>At the end of the book</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year was the copyright for the book asserted?

    <p>2013</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the deliberate choice made by the authors in presenting the material?

    <p>To challenge the students intellectually</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the glossary of terms at the end of the book?

    <p>To help students find the meaning of terms quickly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the authors' belief about students and healthcare professionals?

    <p>They will rise to intellectual challenges if they see the relevance of the topic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason behind including further readings at the end of some chapters?

    <p>For students who want to learn more about each topic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the aim of the book according to the authors?

    <p>To make the book a useful companion for postgraduate level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did the authors highlight key terms in bold?

    <p>To help students revise for exams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the authors' concern about oversimplification?

    <p>It can turn some students off the topic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the changing societal attitudes mentioned in the content?

    <p>They are a new health priority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of epidemiology?

    <p>Identifying causal factors for health-related states or events</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of population in epidemiology?

    <p>It is a fundamental concept in epidemiology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of identifying causal factors in epidemiology?

    <p>To prevent disease and improve public health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between elevated cholesterol and high blood pressure?

    <p>They are both risk factors for heart disease and stroke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of evidence-based medicine?

    <p>To evaluate the effectiveness of health services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of public health?

    <p>Preventing disease and improving population health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of epidemiology in health services?

    <p>To measure the need for health services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of understanding the determinants of health-related states or events?

    <p>Improved public health policies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of calculating the P-value?

    <p>To determine the strength of evidence against the null hypothesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of study design involves testing whether changing something about the patient alters the course of disease?

    <p>RCT (Randomized Controlled Trial)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of observational study design?

    <p>Experimental study</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between an observational study and an RCT?

    <p>The investigator manipulates the treatment in an RCT, but not in an observational study</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of learning about different study designs?

    <p>To determine the best study design for a research question</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a case series and a case-control study?

    <p>A case series involves one group, while a case-control study involves two groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between a cohort study and a cross-sectional study?

    <p>A cohort study involves a longitudinal design, while a cross-sectional study involves a cross-sectional design</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of reading Sterne JAC, Davey Smith G (2001)?

    <p>To understand the role of statistical methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Epidemiology, Evidence-based Medicine, and Public Health Lecture Notes

    • The sixth edition of the book is written by Yoav Ben-Shlomo, Sara T.Brookes, and Matthew Hickman.
    • The book covers topics in epidemiology, evidence-based medicine, and public health.

    Defining Disease and Normality

    • Epidemiology is the study of the occurrence and distribution of health-related states or events in specified populations.
    • It includes the study of the determinants influencing such states and the application of this knowledge to control health problems.
    • The concept of a population is fundamental to epidemiology and statistical methods.

    Statistical Inference, Confidence Intervals, and P-values

    • Statistical inference is used to make conclusions about a population based on a sample of data.
    • Confidence intervals provide a range of values within which the true population parameter is likely to lie.
    • P-values are used to determine the strength of evidence against the null hypothesis.

    Observational Studies

    • Observational studies are used to examine the relationship between a risk factor and an outcome.
    • Types of observational studies include:
      • Case series: a descriptive study of a series of patients with a particular condition or outcome.
      • Ecological studies: examine the relationship between a risk factor and an outcome at the population level.
      • Cross-sectional studies: examine the relationship between a risk factor and an outcome at a single point in time.
      • Case-control studies: compare the characteristics of patients with a particular condition or outcome to those without.
      • Cohort studies: follow a group of patients over time to examine the development of outcomes.

    Strengths and Weaknesses of Study Designs

    • Each study design has its own strengths and weaknesses, and the choice of study design depends on the research question.
    • Observational studies are useful for generating hypotheses, but are limited by the potential for bias and confounding.

    Intervention Studies

    • Intervention studies, also known as randomized controlled trials (RCTs), are used to test the effectiveness of a treatment or intervention.
    • In an RCT, the investigator tests whether changing something about the patient or their treatment alters the course of disease.

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    Description

    This quiz is based on the lecture notes on Epidemiology, Evidence-based Medicine, and Public Health by Yoav Ben-Shlomo, Sara T. Brookes, and Matthew Hickman. It covers key concepts and topics in epidemiology, evidence-based medicine, and public health. Test your knowledge and understanding of these important subjects.

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