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Questions and Answers
What is a primary complication associated with Aplastic Anemia?
Which laboratory test is NOT typically used in diagnosing Aplastic Anemia?
Which medication is commonly used in the treatment of Aplastic Anemia?
What symptom is NOT commonly associated with Aplastic Anemia?
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Which nursing diagnosis is most relevant for a patient with Aplastic Anemia?
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What is a primary clinical manifestation associated with Aplastic Anemia?
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Which of the following is a common complication of Aplastic Anemia?
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In the medical management of Aplastic Anemia, which treatment option is considered important for severe cases?
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Which vital sign change may indicate a worsening condition in a patient with Aplastic Anemia?
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What nursing intervention is critical to prevent injury in patients with Aplastic Anemia?
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Study Notes
Epidemiology
- Affects 2 to 4 people per million in the US
- Occurs equally in men and women
Pathophysiology
- Damage to bone marrow occurs
- Decreased production of red blood cells results
Clinical Manifestations
- Fatigue
- Shortness of breath
- Tachycardia
- Pallor
- Dizziness
- Headache
- Susceptibility to infections
- Bleeding
Medical Management - Diagnosis
- Laboratory tests including:
- CBC
- Coagulation studies
- Iron levels
- Decreased platelets, WBCs, and RBCs are indicative
- Bone marrow biopsy
Medical Management - Treatment
- Blood transfusions
- Bone marrow transplant
Medical Management - Medications
- Filgrastim
- Epoetin-alfa
Complications
- Decreased cellular and tissue perfusion
- Hemorrhage
- Severe infection
Nursing Management - Assessment and Analysis
- Patients are at risk for decreased oxygen-carrying capacity, infection, and bleeding.
Nursing Management - Nursing Diagnoses
- Activity intolerance
- Risk for injury
- Risk for infection
Nursing Interventions - Assessments
- Vital signs
- Laboratory tests
- Oxygen saturation
- Signs of bleeding
- Fatigue and pallor
- Dizziness and headache
Nursing Interventions - Actions
- Provide supplemental oxygen
- Administer blood products
- Implement bleeding precautions
- Protect from injury
Nursing Interventions - Teaching
- Avoid exposure to infection
- Report temperature elevation
- Avoid activities with potential for injury
- Be aware of the clinical manifestations of anemia
- Focus on nutritional intake
Nursing Management - Evaluating Care Outcomes
- Stable CBC and platelets
- Absence of infection
- Absence of bleeding
Epidemiology
- Aplastic anemia affects 2 to 4 people per million in the US.
- The condition affects males and females equally.
Pathophysiology
- Bone marrow damage leads to decreased production of red blood cells.
Clinical Manifestations
- Fatigue
- Shortness of breath
- Tachycardia (fast heart rate)
- Pallor (paleness)
- Dizziness
- Headache
- Susceptibility to infections
- Bleeding
Medical Management - Diagnosis
- Complete blood count (CBC)
- Coagulation studies
- Iron levels
- Decreased platelets, white blood cells (WBCs), and red blood cells (RBCs)
- Bone marrow biopsy
Medical Management - Treatment
- Blood transfusions
- Bone marrow transplant
Medical Management - Medications
- Filgrastim
- Epoetin-alfa
Complications
- Decreased cellular and tissue perfusion (oxygen delivery)
- Hemorrhage (excessive bleeding)
- Severe infection
Nursing Management - Assessments and Analysis
- Patients are at risk for:
- Decreased oxygen-carrying capacity
- Infection
- Bleeding
Nursing Management - Nursing Diagnoses
- Activity intolerance
- Risk for injury
- Risk for infection
Nursing Interventions - Assessments
- Vital signs
- Laboratory tests
- Oxygen saturation
- Signs of bleeding
- Fatigue and pallor
- Dizziness and headache
Nursing Interventions - Actions
- Provide supplemental oxygen
- Administer blood products
- Implement bleeding precautions
- Protect from injury
Nursing Interventions - Teaching
- Avoid exposure to infection
- Report temperature elevation
- Avoid activities with potential for injury
- Understand clinical manifestations of anemia
- Maintain proper nutritional intake
Nursing Management - Evaluating Care Outcomes
- Stable CBC and platelet levels
- Absence of infection
- Absence of bleeding
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Description
This quiz covers the key aspects of bone marrow disorders, including epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, medical management, and nursing assessments. Test your knowledge on diagnostic tests, treatment options, and potential complications related to these conditions.
