Enzymes: Concepts Lecture 9 BCMB 401 Spring 2024
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

  • Accelerates the reaction rate without being consumed (correct)
  • Changes the direction of the reaction
  • Consumes reactants to accelerate the reaction
  • Slows down the reaction rate

What percentage of proteins in a typical cell are enzymes?

  • 5-10%
  • 50-60%
  • 10-20% (correct)
  • 30-40%

Which type of molecules are coenzymes often derived from?

  • RNA
  • Lipids
  • Minerals
  • Vitamins (correct)

What provides the specificity of enzyme-substrate interactions?

<p>The shape of the enzyme active site (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What parameter determines whether a biological reaction will occur spontaneously?

<p>$ΔG_{ ext{o}}$ (standard biological free energy) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of reaction requires energy input?

<p>Endergonic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do enzymes alter in a reaction?

<p>Reaction rate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the standard free energy change and the equilibrium constant as per the text?

<p>Inversely proportional (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of enzymes on the equilibrium point of a reaction?

<p>Does not affect the equilibrium point (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor determines the reaction equilibrium according to the text?

<p>Free energy difference (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does ΔG°' being path independent mean?

<p>It is not influenced by the reaction pathway (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does ΔG‡ represent in a reaction?

<p>Energy needed to reach the transition state (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do enzymes lower the activation energy of a reaction?

<p>By distorting the substrate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the active site in enzymes?

<p>To bind reversibly to substrate molecules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do enzymes exhibit high specificity at their active sites?

<p>As a result of chemical complementarity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of enzyme-substrate interactions at the active site?

<p>To stabilize the transition state (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are hydrogen bonds between an enzyme and substrate significant?

<p>They strengthen enzyme-substrate interactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one way enzymes can lower activation energy?

<p>By making favorable interactions with the transition state (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecular structure is X‡ along a reaction pathway?

<p>Transition state (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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