Enzymes: Concepts Lecture 9 BCMB 401 Spring 2024
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

  • Accelerates the reaction rate without being consumed (correct)
  • Changes the direction of the reaction
  • Consumes reactants to accelerate the reaction
  • Slows down the reaction rate
  • What percentage of proteins in a typical cell are enzymes?

  • 5-10%
  • 50-60%
  • 10-20% (correct)
  • 30-40%
  • Which type of molecules are coenzymes often derived from?

  • RNA
  • Lipids
  • Minerals
  • Vitamins (correct)
  • What provides the specificity of enzyme-substrate interactions?

    <p>The shape of the enzyme active site</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What parameter determines whether a biological reaction will occur spontaneously?

    <p>$ΔG_{ ext{o}}$ (standard biological free energy)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of reaction requires energy input?

    <p>Endergonic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do enzymes alter in a reaction?

    <p>Reaction rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the standard free energy change and the equilibrium constant as per the text?

    <p>Inversely proportional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of enzymes on the equilibrium point of a reaction?

    <p>Does not affect the equilibrium point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor determines the reaction equilibrium according to the text?

    <p>Free energy difference</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does ΔG°' being path independent mean?

    <p>It is not influenced by the reaction pathway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does ΔG‡ represent in a reaction?

    <p>Energy needed to reach the transition state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do enzymes lower the activation energy of a reaction?

    <p>By distorting the substrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the active site in enzymes?

    <p>To bind reversibly to substrate molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do enzymes exhibit high specificity at their active sites?

    <p>As a result of chemical complementarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of enzyme-substrate interactions at the active site?

    <p>To stabilize the transition state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are hydrogen bonds between an enzyme and substrate significant?

    <p>They strengthen enzyme-substrate interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way enzymes can lower activation energy?

    <p>By making favorable interactions with the transition state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecular structure is X‡ along a reaction pathway?

    <p>Transition state</p> Signup and view all the answers

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