19 Questions
What is the main function of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?
Accelerates the reaction rate without being consumed
What percentage of proteins in a typical cell are enzymes?
10-20%
Which type of molecules are coenzymes often derived from?
Vitamins
What provides the specificity of enzyme-substrate interactions?
The shape of the enzyme active site
What parameter determines whether a biological reaction will occur spontaneously?
$ΔG_{ ext{o}}$ (standard biological free energy)
Which type of reaction requires energy input?
Endergonic
What do enzymes alter in a reaction?
Reaction rate
What is the relationship between the standard free energy change and the equilibrium constant as per the text?
Inversely proportional
What is the effect of enzymes on the equilibrium point of a reaction?
Does not affect the equilibrium point
Which factor determines the reaction equilibrium according to the text?
Free energy difference
What does ΔG°' being path independent mean?
It is not influenced by the reaction pathway
What does ΔG‡ represent in a reaction?
Energy needed to reach the transition state
How do enzymes lower the activation energy of a reaction?
By distorting the substrate
What is the role of the active site in enzymes?
To bind reversibly to substrate molecules
Why do enzymes exhibit high specificity at their active sites?
As a result of chemical complementarity
What is the main function of enzyme-substrate interactions at the active site?
To stabilize the transition state
Why are hydrogen bonds between an enzyme and substrate significant?
They strengthen enzyme-substrate interactions
What is one way enzymes can lower activation energy?
By making favorable interactions with the transition state
Which molecular structure is X‡ along a reaction pathway?
Transition state
This quiz covers the concepts of enzymes as biological catalysts, including their role in accelerating reaction rates without being consumed. Topics include enzyme specificity, the prevalence of enzymes as proteins in cells, and examples like carbonic anhydrase.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
