Enzymes Worksheet Flashcards
33 Questions
100 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What type of macromolecule are enzymes?

  • Nucleic Acids
  • Carbohydrates
  • Proteins (correct)
  • Lipids

    • What are enzymes?

    Proteins that act as biological catalysts

    What are catalysts?

    A substance that increases the rate of chemical reaction

    Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering the ______.

    <p>activation energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do enzymes do to the activation energy?

    <p>Decrease it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do enzymes do in chemical reactions?

    <p>Enzymes speed up the reaction by lowering the activation energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an enzyme-substrate complex?

    <p>Enzymes provide a site where reactants can be brought together to react</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the energy needed for a reaction?

    <p>Activation energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What two environmental conditions can affect the activity of an enzyme?

    <p>Ionic conditions and pH values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factors affect enzymatic reactions?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the optimal pH that this enzyme functions at?

    <p>7.5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the optimal temperature that this enzyme functions at?

    <p>37 Degrees Celsius</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the pH is 2?

    <p>Activation slows down</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the optimal pH for intestinal protease?

    <p>9</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the optimal pH for gastric protease?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What enzyme works best in a very acidic environment?

    <p>Intestinal protease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a monomer of protein?

    <p>Amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the elements of proteins?

    <p>Nitrogen, Calcium, Iron, and Zinc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are examples of protein in food?

    <p>Eggs, Beans, Milk, Cheese</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are functions of proteins?

    <p>Proteins help the function of the body's tissues and organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a monomer?

    <p>Smallest unit of a large molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are polymers?

    <p>The large molecule formed by joining two or more monomers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the denaturation and renaturation of a protein?

    <p>Extreme Temperature, pH Changes, Cell Activation, Cell Inhibitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a nucleotide made up of?

    <p>A 5 carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the different types of proteins?

    <p>Protective</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is regulatory protein?

    <p>Controls the rate of reaction in your body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is transport protein?

    <p>Sends nutrients to different parts of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is structural protein?

    <p>Forms/makes up different parts of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is protective protein?

    <p>Makes cells that act as lighters for the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the elements of nucleic acids?

    <p>C, H, O, N, and P</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are two types of nucleic acids?

    <p>DNA, RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of nucleic acids?

    <p>To store and transmit genetic info</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do most enzymes end with?

    <p>ASE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Enzymes Overview

    • Enzymes are proteins that serve as biological catalysts, speeding up chemical reactions.
    • Catalysts increase the rate of chemical reactions without being consumed in the process.
    • Enzymes lower the activation energy required for reactions to occur.

    Enzyme-Substrate Complex

    • Enzymes provide a specific site where reactants (substrates) can be brought together to facilitate reactions.

    Environmental Impact on Enzymes

    • Enzyme activity is affected by various factors including ionic conditions, pH values, substrate concentration, and temperature.
    • Optimal pH for most enzymes is around 7.5, while specific enzymes have different optimal pH levels:
      • Intestinal Protease: pH 9
      • Gastric Protease: pH 3
    • Optimal temperature for many enzymes, including those in human body, is 37 degrees Celsius.
    • Extreme pH or temperature can lead to enzyme denaturation, altering their function.

    Protein Basics

    • Proteins are made of amino acids, which are their monomers.
    • Key elements found in proteins include nitrogen, calcium, iron, and zinc.
    • Common dietary sources of proteins include eggs, beans, milk, and cheese.

    Functions of Proteins

    • Proteins are essential for the function and support of body tissues and organs.
    • Different types of proteins serve specific roles:
      • Regulatory: Control reaction rates in the body.
      • Transport: Distribute nutrients throughout the body.
      • Structural: Form various parts of the body.
      • Protective: Create structures that protect the body.

    Nucleic Acids

    • Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, consist of elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus.
    • Their primary function is to store and transmit genetic information.

    Protein and Enzyme Properties

    • Most enzymes' names end with the suffix "ase," indicating their function.
    • Denaturing factors for proteins include extreme temperature and pH changes.

    Additional Concepts

    • Polymers are large molecules formed by joining two or more monomers, while monomers are the smallest units of these large molecules.
    • Nucleotides, the building blocks of nucleic acids, are composed of a five-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    Test your knowledge of enzymes with these flashcards that cover their definitions, functions, and roles as catalysts. Perfect for biology students looking to understand the fundamentals of enzyme chemistry.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser