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Enzymes and Compartmentalization in Cellular Processing

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Enzymes and Compartmentalization in Cellular Processing

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of compartmentalization in a cell?

To decrease the catalytic function of enzymes

To decrease the efficiency of processing organelles

To increase the energy barrier needed for reactions

To promote the separation of components within a cell (correct)

How do enzymes lower the activation energy of a reaction?

By ensuring correct orientation of reacting molecules (correct)

By decreasing the fraction of molecules with sufficient energy to react

By decreasing the collision energy of molecules

By increasing the energetic barrier

What does the transition state represent in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

An inactive state where the reaction halts

A low energy state that the reaction passes through

A high energy state that the reaction needs to overcome (correct)

The most stable state of the reaction

How does the active site of an enzyme work enthalpically to lower enthalpy?

By complementing and stabilizing the transition state Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the role of enzymes in reaction kinetics?

Enzymes increase the rate of reaction by lowering activation energy Signup and view all the answers

Why is compartmentalization important for processing efficiency in a cell?

To separate different functions and processes within a cell Signup and view all the answers

Why do enzymes deliberately strain the E-S complex?

To lower the energy state of the complex and change the relative energy difference to the transition state. Signup and view all the answers

Why are the best competitive inhibitors transition state analogs?

They have the best fit to the transition state. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of ligases among the classes of enzymes mentioned?

Form bonds between two molecules coupled to ATP cleavage. Signup and view all the answers

What does acid catalysis involve in enzymatic mechanisms?

Donating protons to stabilize leaving groups. Signup and view all the answers

How do enzymes create stereospecific interactions with chiral molecules?

By preferentially binding to one enantiomer due to active site shape. Signup and view all the answers

Why do enzymes operate optimally at specific pHs and temperatures?

To preserve appropriate ionization states of key amino acid residues. Signup and view all the answers