Enterobacteriaceae and Salmonella Overview

Which of the following characteristics distinguishes Salmonella from E. coli?

What type of fermentation do Salmonella species exhibit?

Which of the following disease patterns is NOT associated with Enterobacteriaceae?

What is a significant environmental source for Enterobacteriaceae contamination?

Which statement is true regarding Salmonella's motility?

Family: Enterobacteriaceae

Optimum temperature: 37 degrees Celsius
Gram-negative
Non-spore-forming rods
Facultative anaerobes
Catalase-positive
Oxidase-negative
Nitrate reductase-positive
Motile, with peritrichous flagella (except in some cases)
Commonly found in the GI tracts of various hosts (humans, animals, insects)
Widespread in the environment (sewage, soil, water, plants, food)
Routes of infection include oral, wounds, and urinary/respiratory tracts
Disease patterns include diarrhea, sepsis, urinary tract infections, and central nervous system (CNS) infections.

Genus: Salmonella

Two main species: S. enterica and S. bongori
More than 7 sub-species
More than 2,600 serovars
General characteristics:
- Non-lactose fermenters
- Indole test-negative
- Distinguishable from E. coli and Shigella through tests
- Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) production
- Acid production during carbohydrate fermentation (can be detected in XLD or SS media)
Differentiation using XLD media:
- E. coli: Yellow
- Salmonella: Black
- Shigella: Red
Differentiation using SS media:
- E. coli: Red
- Salmonella: Black
- Shigella: Yellow

This quiz covers the essential characteristics of the Enterobacteriaceae family, focusing specifically on the genus Salmonella. Topics include temperature preferences, motility, infection routes, and disease patterns related to Salmonella. Test your knowledge on the distinguishing features of these Gram-negative bacteria and their clinical significance.