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Questions and Answers
What is the recommended treatment for osteomyelitis in adults with sickle cell disease?
What is the recommended treatment for osteomyelitis in adults with sickle cell disease?
What can cause 'pea soup' green diarrhea?
What can cause 'pea soup' green diarrhea?
What type of infection starts 1-3 weeks after exposure, includes fever, headache, and abdominal pain around the RLQ?
What type of infection starts 1-3 weeks after exposure, includes fever, headache, and abdominal pain around the RLQ?
Why are antibiotics not warranted in the treatment of gastroenteritis?
Why are antibiotics not warranted in the treatment of gastroenteritis?
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Which antibiotic is NOT recommended for the treatment of Salmonella septicemia?
Which antibiotic is NOT recommended for the treatment of Salmonella septicemia?
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'Vi' interfering with lysosome-phagosome fusion is a characteristic of which bacterial infection?
'Vi' interfering with lysosome-phagosome fusion is a characteristic of which bacterial infection?
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What is the characteristic of Salmonella that allows it to cause disease in patients on proton pump inhibitors?
What is the characteristic of Salmonella that allows it to cause disease in patients on proton pump inhibitors?
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What is the key virulence factor of Salmonella Enteritidis that allows it to withstand the host's immune response?
What is the key virulence factor of Salmonella Enteritidis that allows it to withstand the host's immune response?
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Which of the following is the primary source of Salmonella Typhi, the causative agent of typhoid fever?
Which of the following is the primary source of Salmonella Typhi, the causative agent of typhoid fever?
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What is the characteristic of Salmonella that allows it to be identified as a Gram-negative, non-lactose fermenting organism?
What is the characteristic of Salmonella that allows it to be identified as a Gram-negative, non-lactose fermenting organism?
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What is the significance of the "candle being lit" symptom associated with Salmonella Enteritidis infection?
What is the significance of the "candle being lit" symptom associated with Salmonella Enteritidis infection?
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What is the most common cause of osteomyelitis in adults with sickle cell disease?
What is the most common cause of osteomyelitis in adults with sickle cell disease?
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What is the recommended antibiotic treatment for Salmonella septicemia?
What is the recommended antibiotic treatment for Salmonella septicemia?
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Which of the following is the primary source of Salmonella Typhi, the causative agent of typhoid fever?
Which of the following is the primary source of Salmonella Typhi, the causative agent of typhoid fever?
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What is the key virulence factor of Salmonella that allows it to withstand the host's immune response?
What is the key virulence factor of Salmonella that allows it to withstand the host's immune response?
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Why are antibiotics not warranted in the treatment of gastroenteritis?
Why are antibiotics not warranted in the treatment of gastroenteritis?
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What is the characteristic of Salmonella that allows it to cause disease in patients on proton pump inhibitors?
What is the characteristic of Salmonella that allows it to cause disease in patients on proton pump inhibitors?
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What characteristic of Salmonella allows it to be identified as a Gram-negative, non-lactose fermenting organism?
What characteristic of Salmonella allows it to be identified as a Gram-negative, non-lactose fermenting organism?
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What is the primary source of Salmonella Typhi, the causative agent of typhoid fever?
What is the primary source of Salmonella Typhi, the causative agent of typhoid fever?
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What is the significance of the 'candle being lit' symptom associated with Salmonella Enteritidis infection?
What is the significance of the 'candle being lit' symptom associated with Salmonella Enteritidis infection?
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What is the key virulence factor of Salmonella Enteritidis that allows it to withstand the host's immune response?
What is the key virulence factor of Salmonella Enteritidis that allows it to withstand the host's immune response?
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Why are patients on proton pump inhibitors more susceptible to Salmonella infections?
Why are patients on proton pump inhibitors more susceptible to Salmonella infections?
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What is the characteristic of Salmonella that allows it to cause disease in patients on proton pump inhibitors?
What is the characteristic of Salmonella that allows it to cause disease in patients on proton pump inhibitors?
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Study Notes
Salmonella
- Gram-negative, non-lactose fermenter, white on MacConkey's
- Motile, indole negative due to lack of tryptophanase
- H2S positive, colonies stain black on Hektoen agar
- Encapsulated, positive for citrate utilization
- Acid labile, needs high doses to cause infection; patients on proton pump inhibitors are more susceptible
Pathogenesis
- Invades through macrophages to get into the colon
- Facultative intracellular pathogenesis
- Virulence factors: Vi antigen capsule, LPS (Lipid A)
Salmonella Enteritidis
- Reservoir: Chicken
- Caused by eating undercooked chickens, eggs, dairy
- Causes inflammatory diarrhea, gastroenteritis
- Contains type III secretion system that detects eukaryotic cells to increase infectivity
Salmonella Typhi (Typhoid Fever)
- Reservoir: Human
- Harbored in the gall bladder, Typhoid Mary; transmission via fecal-oral route
- Symptoms: rose spots on stomach, hepatosplenomegaly, ileal ulcer
Treatment and Prevention
- Fluoroquinolones (e.g. Cipro) or cephalosporins (e.g. ceftriaxone) for treatment
- Live, attenuated vaccine treatment available
- Antibiotics not warranted for gastroenteritis, do not use antidiarrheal
- Aggressive treatment with chloramphenicol, ampicillin, or TMP/SMX for 10 days for septicemia
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Description
Test your knowledge on identifying Salmonella bacteria based on its characteristics such as Gram negative, non-lactose fermenter, motile, H2S positive, and more. Learn about the distinctive traits of Salmonella through this quiz.
