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Questions and Answers
Which concept emphasizes that no individual or group should monopolize power?
Which concept emphasizes that no individual or group should monopolize power?
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen was proclaimed in July 1789.
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen was proclaimed in July 1789.
False
What is the purpose of government according to the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen?
What is the purpose of government according to the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen?
To protect people's natural and basic rights.
According to John Locke, individuals have __________ rights that should be protected by the government.
According to John Locke, individuals have __________ rights that should be protected by the government.
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Match the Enlightenment thinkers with their respective ideas:
Match the Enlightenment thinkers with their respective ideas:
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Which principle states that laws should prescribe only necessary and clearly defined punishments?
Which principle states that laws should prescribe only necessary and clearly defined punishments?
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Everyone has the right to participate in forming the law according to the Declaration.
Everyone has the right to participate in forming the law according to the Declaration.
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The ultimate power resides with the __________.
The ultimate power resides with the __________.
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Which of the following was a major aim of the Congress of Vienna?
Which of the following was a major aim of the Congress of Vienna?
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The slogan 'Liberty, Equality and Fraternity' originated during the Congress of Vienna.
The slogan 'Liberty, Equality and Fraternity' originated during the Congress of Vienna.
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What were the two ideas that arose during the French Revolution and spread across Europe?
What were the two ideas that arose during the French Revolution and spread across Europe?
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The Congress of Vienna sought to prevent the rise of _______.
The Congress of Vienna sought to prevent the rise of _______.
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Match each group with their likely reaction to the Congress of Vienna:
Match each group with their likely reaction to the Congress of Vienna:
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Which statement about the Congress of Vienna is incorrect?
Which statement about the Congress of Vienna is incorrect?
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Liberalism advocates for absolute government rule.
Liberalism advocates for absolute government rule.
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What significant document was proclaimed during the French Revolution that declared the rights of man?
What significant document was proclaimed during the French Revolution that declared the rights of man?
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Which of the following played a significant role as a cause for the French Revolution?
Which of the following played a significant role as a cause for the French Revolution?
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The American Revolution was primarily motivated by internal opposition against a foreign monarch.
The American Revolution was primarily motivated by internal opposition against a foreign monarch.
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What was a key impact of the French Revolution?
What was a key impact of the French Revolution?
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The French Revolution inspired the independence movement in __________.
The French Revolution inspired the independence movement in __________.
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Match the following revolutions with their primary causes:
Match the following revolutions with their primary causes:
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Which Enlightenment thinker’s ideas influenced both revolutions?
Which Enlightenment thinker’s ideas influenced both revolutions?
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Both the American and French Revolutions led to the establishment of a monarchy.
Both the American and French Revolutions led to the establishment of a monarchy.
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Identify one similarity in the causes of the American and French Revolutions.
Identify one similarity in the causes of the American and French Revolutions.
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What significant idea emerged during the Enlightenment that influenced both the American and French Revolutions?
What significant idea emerged during the Enlightenment that influenced both the American and French Revolutions?
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The French Revolution was primarily caused by the contentment and fairness of the ruling class.
The French Revolution was primarily caused by the contentment and fairness of the ruling class.
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What document laid the foundation for equality during the French Revolution?
What document laid the foundation for equality during the French Revolution?
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The Napoleonic Wars contributed to the rise of __________ and __________ in Europe.
The Napoleonic Wars contributed to the rise of __________ and __________ in Europe.
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Match the following revolutions with their key influences:
Match the following revolutions with their key influences:
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What did the stars on the United States flag represent after 1777?
What did the stars on the United States flag represent after 1777?
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The American Revolution had no impact on Europe.
The American Revolution had no impact on Europe.
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During which years was the US flag with 13 stripes used?
During which years was the US flag with 13 stripes used?
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Which principle is embodied by the division of powers in the federal government?
Which principle is embodied by the division of powers in the federal government?
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The American Revolution had no impact on other revolutions in the Americas.
The American Revolution had no impact on other revolutions in the Americas.
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Name one Enlightenment idea that influenced the American Revolution.
Name one Enlightenment idea that influenced the American Revolution.
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The American Revolution served as a beacon of hope for those seeking ________ in other parts of the Americas.
The American Revolution served as a beacon of hope for those seeking ________ in other parts of the Americas.
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Match the following events with their corresponding impacts:
Match the following events with their corresponding impacts:
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Which country initiated its revolution in 1789?
Which country initiated its revolution in 1789?
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George Washington opposed the principle of limited government.
George Washington opposed the principle of limited government.
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What did Simón Bolívar express admiration for in his monologue?
What did Simón Bolívar express admiration for in his monologue?
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What inspired the Marquis de Lafayette during the American Revolution?
What inspired the Marquis de Lafayette during the American Revolution?
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The world was indifferent to the events of the American Revolution.
The world was indifferent to the events of the American Revolution.
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What significant document established the framework for the American government?
What significant document established the framework for the American government?
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The Constitution enshrines the protection of inherent rights of individuals, such as freedom of __________ and religion.
The Constitution enshrines the protection of inherent rights of individuals, such as freedom of __________ and religion.
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Match the Enlightenment idea with its description:
Match the Enlightenment idea with its description:
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Who was the first President of the United States?
Who was the first President of the United States?
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The American Revolution showed that people could achieve liberty through peaceful means.
The American Revolution showed that people could achieve liberty through peaceful means.
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What did Lafayette encourage the French to embrace?
What did Lafayette encourage the French to embrace?
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Study Notes
Learning Objectives
- Analyze the Enlightenment's role in the 18th century, influencing the American and French Revolutions.
- Understand the American Revolution's impact on other European countries and democratic governance.
- Understand the causes of the French Revolution, including social inequality and the American Revolution's influence.
- Explore the impact of the French Revolution, focusing on the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Napoleonic Code's influence on equality and the rule of law.
Introduction
- Figure 1a displays flags of the United States through different periods, while Figure 1b showcases the British colonies in 1775.
Development of the American Revolution (1775-1783)
- The 13 colonies faced increasing financial burdens due to British taxation, lacking representation in the British Parliament.
- Colonists resisted unfair trade policies that limited their options.
- Colonists organized boycotts and protests against unfair British taxes.
- Paine's Enlightenment references included Montesquieu on limited government, Rousseau on active public involvement, and Voltaire and Locke on equality and justice.
- The British imposed taxes on goods like newspapers, legal papers, and playing cards.
- These taxes created a financial burden on the colonies and limited daily life and business activities.
- The colonists protested these taxes and demanded fair treatment from the British government.
Impacts of the American Revolution
- The American Revolution's success inspired ordinary people to challenge oppressive rule.
- The American Revolution spread ideas like freedom and equality across Europe, influencing the French Revolution.
- Marquis de Lafayette played a significant role in both the American and French Revolutions, inspired by the American example of liberty and equal rights.
What was the US government like after the American Revolution?
- The US Constitution established a framework based on Enlightenment ideas, including popular sovereignty, separation of powers, and protection of natural rights.
- Popular sovereignty meant governmental authority came from the governed, and the Constitution's processes emphasized representative government.
Introduction to the French Revolution
- The 1st stanza of "La Marseillaise," France's national anthem, was written in 1792.
- "La Marseillaise" expresses themes of unity, courage, defiance, and excitement.
- The lyrics encourage resistance against oppression.
Causes of the French Revolution
- Louis XVI's reign (1774-1792) faced financial and social crises.
- Societal inequalities existed, with the nobility and officials prioritizing personal gain over solving food shortages facing the lower class.
- Enlightenment thinkers like Locke inspired the French ideals of liberty, equality, and the rights of citizens.
- French people were inspired to pursue their rights due to the influence of the American Revolution.
- The American example of fighting against oppressive rule encouraged the French people to demand similar changes.
Development of France after the Revolution
- After the revolution, France became a republic, and Napoleon quickly came to power, consolidating his control.
- Napoleon's ambition led to the erosion of republican ideals, and he established an autocratic regime.
- Napoleon's armies conquered much of Europe.
- After being defeated by a coalition of European powers, Napoleon was exiled.
How is the French Revolution related to the rise of nationalism in Germany and Italy?
- Napoleon's conquests fostered a sense of shared identity and desire for self-determination, inspiring nationalistic feelings among the Italian and German speaking peoples.
- Under Napoleon's rule, territories were reorganized across Europe.
- The French Revolution and Napoleon's later expansion inspired nationalistic movements in Germany and Italy.
Impact of the French Revolution
- Liberalism and nationalism were fostered in Europe after the revolution and Napoleonic era.
- The ideas of liberty and equality, championed by the French Revolution, spread across Europe.
- The French Revolution and Napoleon's expansion contributed to the rise of nationalism in Germany and Italy.
Compare and contrast the two revolutions
- Both revolutions were driven by opposition to oppressive rule, one external in the American case and internal in the French case.
- Both revolutions utilized Enlightenment ideals, leading towards a government where people's rights are protected.
- The American Revolution inspired a presidential system, while the French Revolution introduced nationalism and led to a republic.
- The American Revolution sparked more revolutions internationally, while the French Revolution, with Napoleon's expansion, impacted Europe directly.
DBQ Practice Corner 1
- The American and French Revolutions were responses to oppressive rule and stemmed from similar roots of unequal treatment of different classes.
- Both resulted in a new form of government, but in distinct ways.
DBQ Practice Corner 2
- Corruption and inequality in the French aristocracy caused immense hardship for the lower class and sparked the French Revolution.
- Contrasting the extravagance of the French nobility with the poverty of the French peasants highlighted the stark inequalities that fueled the Revolution.
DBQ Practice Corner 3
- The key similarity between the American and French Revolutions was the shared desire to overthrow oppressive absolute rule.
- Both revolutions highlighted a pursuit of liberty and democratic governance.
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Description
This quiz explores key ideas from the Age of Enlightenment and the French Revolution, including the principles outlined in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. Test your knowledge on the roles of government, individual rights, and the impact of historical events such as the Congress of Vienna.
