English Vocabulary Formation

Study Notes

Prefixes: added to the beginning of a word to change its meaning (e.g., un-, re-, de-)
Suffixes: added to the end of a word to change its meaning (e.g., -ly, -ful, -less)
Compounding: combining two words to form a new word (e.g., bookshelf, toothbrush)
Blending: combining parts of two words to form a new word (e.g., smog, brunch)

Nouns: person, place, thing, or idea (e.g., dog, city, happiness)
Verbs: action or state of being (e.g., run, be, have)
Adjectives: describe nouns or pronouns (e.g., happy, tall, blue)
Adverbs: describe verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs (e.g., quickly, very, well)
Pronouns: replace nouns in a sentence (e.g., he, she, it, they)
Prepositions: show relationships between words (e.g., in, on, at, with)
Conjunctions: connect words, phrases, or clauses (e.g., and, but, or)
Interjections: express emotion or feeling (e.g., oh, wow, ouch)

Etymology: study of word origins and history
Homophones: words with the same pronunciation but different meanings (e.g., to, two, too)
Homographs: words with the same spelling but different meanings (e.g., bank, bank)
Idioms: phrases with unique meanings that differ from individual word meanings (e.g., kick the bucket, break a leg)
Collocations: words that frequently appear together (e.g., strong coffee, heavy rain)

Prefixes are added to the beginning of a word to change its meaning, examples include un-, re-, and de-.
Suffixes are added to the end of a word to change its meaning, examples include -ly, -ful, and -less.
Compounding involves combining two words to form a new word, such as bookshelf and toothbrush.
Blending involves combining parts of two words to form a new word, such as smog and brunch.

Nouns are words that represent a person, place, thing, or idea, examples include dog, city, and happiness.
Verbs are words that represent an action or state of being, examples include run, be, and have.
Adjectives are words that describe nouns or pronouns, examples include happy, tall, and blue.
Adverbs are words that describe verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, examples include quickly, very, and well.
Pronouns are words that replace nouns in a sentence, examples include he, she, it, and they.
Prepositions are words that show relationships between words, examples include in, on, at, and with.
Conjunctions are words that connect words, phrases, or clauses, examples include and, but, and or.
Interjections are words that express emotion or feeling, examples include oh, wow, and ouch.

Etymology is the study of word origins and history.
Homophones are words with the same pronunciation but different meanings, examples include to, two, and too.
Homographs are words with the same spelling but different meanings, examples include bank and bank.
Idioms are phrases with unique meanings that differ from individual word meanings, examples include kick the bucket and break a leg.
Collocations are words that frequently appear together, examples include strong coffee and heavy rain.