English Vocabulary and Grammar Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What are minor changes in the context of making tweaks to something?

  • Significant alterations that impact the overall structure
  • Small adjustments that improve the original content (correct)
  • Temporary modifications without lasting effects
  • Complete overhauls that require extensive resources

Which of the following statements correctly emphasizes a small quantity?

  • You should wait more than three days.
  • As much as three days is required.
  • It takes only three days. (correct)
  • More than three days is needed.

What role do apples play in supporting the immune system?

  • They provide carbohydrates for energy.
  • They contain no beneficial nutrients.
  • They solely prevent all diseases.
  • They are a rich source of phytonutrients. (correct)

How do apples contribute to gut health?

<p>They contain microbes that enhance the gut microbiome. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which additional foods are suggested for higher fiber content?

<p>Pomegranate, kiwi, and raspberries (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended daily fiber intake mentioned?

<p>30 grams (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of antioxidants in the body?

<p>They reduce excess inflammation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it said that no one food can stop you from getting sick?

<p>Because a variety of nutrients is essential for health. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long can you expect to see positive impacts from dietary tweaks?

<p>As little as three days (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary suggestion for maintaining gut health?

<p>Eating a variety of foods including whole grains. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason apples contribute to gut health?

<p>They contain microbes that aid digestion. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is a healthy gut microbiome essential for the immune system?

<p>70% of immune cells are located in the gut. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fruit is mentioned as a source of high fiber alongside apples?

<p>Pomegranate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What grammatical structure is suggested for expressing advice on dietary improvements?

<p>Using imperative verbs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'tweaks' refer to in the context of dietary changes?

<p>Small changes to diet. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which grammatical form should 'help' be used when discussing the role of good bacteria?

<p>Help (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What word structure is used to indicate high fiber content in foods?

<p>Particularly high in fiber (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an important grammatical aspect of using the noun 'variety' in relation to subjects and verbs?

<p>It requires a singular verb. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which foods are specifically noted for providing fiber and nutrients in the article?

<p>Whole grains and nuts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of verb is used to recommend regularly consuming certain foods?

<p>Imperative form. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception about the relationship between fiber and immunity?

<p>Fiber has no impact on immune health. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

To which of the following does 'phytonutrients' refer?

<p>Nutrients derived from plants. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'rich' imply when describing a food source?

<p>It has a high concentration of nutrients. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the plural form 'apples' used instead of 'an apple'?

<p>It describes the entire category of the fruit. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are phytonutrients described in the passage?

<p>Beneficial compounds found in apples. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the grammatical structure used with the verb 'help' in American English?

<p>Help someone do something. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'bounce back' refer to in the passage?

<p>To recover quickly from an illness or setback. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When the author states 'given that 70% of your immune cells live in your gut', what does this imply?

<p>Gut health is vital for overall immune system function. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'particularly' emphasize in the context of the passage?

<p>It highlights something that is especially important. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context discussed, what role does vitamin C play in the immune system?

<p>It helps to produce antibodies and immune cells. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the phrase 'more than that' suggest in this context?

<p>It introduces additional information. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What misunderstanding might students have about the use of 'to produce' versus 'produce'?

<p>They believe 'to produce' is always preferred. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of being 'good at' imply?

<p>Being highly skilled in a specific area. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best illustrates a setback?

<p>Experiencing a medical emergency. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the proverb 'an apple a day keeps the doctor away' generally encourage people to do?

<p>Increase their consumption of apples (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is implied by the phrase 'a tale as old as time' in the context of the proverb discussed?

<p>The proverb is widely known (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might someone prefer a less 'rich' chocolate cake?

<p>It tastes stronger than they prefer. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'live up to its hype' mean in the context of the discussion about apples?

<p>To meet or fall short of expectations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by the phrase 'isn't entirely off the mark' regarding the proverb?

<p>There may be some truth to the proverb (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'off the mark' mean in this context?

<p>Inaccurate or incorrect (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the expression 'oh what a relief' convey?

<p>Feeling reassured or free from worry (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which verb form is used in the phrase 'is it true you're quitting YouTube'?

<p>Present continuous (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'spot on' imply about the accuracy of information or statements?

<p>Completely accurate or precise (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the speaker suggest that the concept of quitting YouTube can be framed positively?

<p>By stating it as a relief (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by having expectations in the context of discussing the hype around something?

<p>Beliefs based on past experiences (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the speaker convey the final thoughts about apples in relation to health benefits?

<p>There is still room for debate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What grammatical structure is highlighted by the phrase 'is it true that'?

<p>It forms an indirect question (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a synonym for the word 'hype' as used in this discussion?

<p>Expectation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the speaker ask the audience to put in the comments?

<p>Expressions of relief (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact do small dietary tweaks have on gut health, according to the speaker?

<p>They can have a positive impact in as little as three days. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many microbes does one apple contain that contribute to the gut microbiome?

<p>100 million (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the role of antioxidants as mentioned?

<p>They help in reducing excess inflammation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is emphasized alongside the consumption of apples for balanced nutrition?

<p>Eating a variety of fruits and vegetables. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When expressing the size of a quantity, what phrase suggests minimal size effectively?

<p>As little as (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What health aspect is tied to having a healthy gut microbiome?

<p>Support for the immune system. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What key fiber intake is suggested for optimal health?

<p>30 grams a day (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant component of apples that benefits gut bacteria?

<p>Fiber content (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might a learner misunderstand the phrase 'no one food can stop you from getting sick'?

<p>They underestimate dietary variety. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between phytonutrients and the immune system as discussed?

<p>They support immune function through nutrients. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the expression 'live up to its hype' indicate in relation to apples?

<p>Apples are as beneficial as claimed. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'isn't entirely off the mark' suggest about the proverb?

<p>The proverb has some validity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the phrase 'a tale as old as time'?

<p>The proverb has been around for many years. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the phrase 'oh what a relief' typically convey?

<p>An expression of joy due to positive news. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the speaker refer to the verb form when asking if something is true?

<p>Present continuous tense. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the phrase 'off the mark' imply about a statement?

<p>It lacks precision. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the expression 'spot on' indicate?

<p>Completely correct. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the speaker imply by questioning the truthfulness of a comment?

<p>The speaker is uncertain about the comment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the phrase 'is it true that' serve in conversation?

<p>To confirm the accuracy of information. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What common expectation does eating an apple serve to fulfill?

<p>It contributes to a healthy dietary lifestyle. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the implication of the proverb regarding reliance on one food for health?

<p>A diverse diet is crucial for overall health. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the expression 'to meet or exceed expectations' imply about apples?

<p>Apples may provide health benefits that align with health claims. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'healthy hype' refer to in the context of apples?

<p>The excitement surrounding apples' health benefits. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'phytonutrients' refer to in the context of the passage?

<p>Natural chemicals found in plants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What grammatical rule is demonstrated by using 'help' without 'to' in American English?

<p>Omitting 'to' is more common in informal language (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'bounce back' imply in the context of health?

<p>To recover quickly from an illness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does vitamin C play in the immune system as described?

<p>It helps produce antibodies and aids immune function (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is it appropriate to use 'given that' in a statement?

<p>To indicate a condition or fact to consider (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the word 'particularly' emphasize in the passage?

<p>It highlights something as especially noteworthy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the term 'rich' used in the context of describing food?

<p>To describe a high concentration of a key ingredient (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is suggested about the phrase 'more than that' in relation to a discussion?

<p>It introduces additional points or information (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is 'being good at' defined in the passage?

<p>Being highly skilled in a specific area (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated about antioxidants and inflammation in the passage?

<p>They can help reduce excess inflammation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the expression 'to be good at making apple pies' imply?

<p>The person is skilled and talented in baking pies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What misunderstanding might arise regarding the omission of 'to' with the verb 'help'?

<p>It causes confusion about proper grammar usage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one way that apples contribute to gut health?

<p>They contain 100 million microbes that aid digestion. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason a healthy gut microbiome is important for overall health?

<p>It houses immune cells that recognize pathogens. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do good bacteria in the gut use fiber?

<p>To help regulate immune response. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What grammatical rule is emphasized regarding the use of the word 'variety'?

<p>It is typically paired with a singular verb. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phrase best describes how to manage complex tasks according to the content?

<p>Break them down into simpler components. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'tweaks' in the dietary context refer to?

<p>Small adjustments to eating habits. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fruits are mentioned as additional sources of fiber?

<p>Pomegranate, kiwi, and raspberries. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is highlighted about the phrase 'help to regulate' in proper English usage?

<p>It is better to always use the infinitive form. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term is used to denote foods that improve gut health?

<p>Whole foods. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Leeming suggest about the regular consumption of whole grains?

<p>They can assist in regular bowel movements. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What misconception about dietary fibers is addressed?

<p>No single food can prevent health issues. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact do phytonutrients have according to the content?

<p>They contribute to strengthening gut health. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be inferred about the frequency of eating suggested foods?

<p>It should be a part of a daily routine. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Tweaks

Small changes or adjustments

Gut microbiome

Collection of microorganisms living in the gut.

Phytonutrients

Nutrients found in plants, beneficial for health.

Immune system

Body's defense against illness and infection.

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Vitamin C

Nutrient important for immune function and wound healing.

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Antioxidants

Substances that protect cells from damage.

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Gut health

Overall well-being of the digestive system.

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Fiber

Dietary component that supports digestion and gut health.

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3 days

Time taken for dietary tweaks to positively impact gut microbiome.

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Immune cells

Cells of the body's immune system

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Plural noun use

Using plural nouns to refer to a whole category, avoiding specific items or individuals.

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Rich (adjective)

Describing a high concentration or amount of something, often used to describe food.

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"Helps" vs. "Helps to"

In American English, "helps" followed by a verb is common; "helps to" is grammatically sound but less common.

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Antibodies

Proteins that help your body fight infections.

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Bounce back

To recover quickly from illness or a setback.

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Given that

Used to introduce a fact or condition that's being considered.

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Moreover

Used to add more points or information; additional information.

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Particularly

Used to emphasize a specific aspect or characteristic.

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Good for

Beneficial or helpful.

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Good at

Skilled or proficient in a specific area or action.

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immune cells location

70% of immune cells are in the gut.

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past simple

Verb tense used to describe completed actions in the past.

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Proverb 'An apple a day keeps the doctor away'

A common saying suggesting that eating an apple daily contributes to good health, preventing illness.

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'Is it true...' in a sentence

A phrase used to confirm the truth of something previously heard or read.

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Past Simple of 'to quit'

The past tense of the verb "to quit" is "quit".

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'What a relief!'

An expression used to show happiness and relief when bad news turns out to be untrue.

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Live up to the hype

To meet or exceed expectations; to justify the excitement or anticipation.

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Age-old saying

A saying or proverb that has been in use for a long time.

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Off the mark

Inaccurate or incorrect; not on target.

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On the mark

Accurate or correct; meeting expectations.

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Spot on

Perfectly accurate or correct.

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Present Continuous Tense

Used for actions happening now or during a period of time.

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Past Simple Tense

Used to describe completed actions in the past.

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Hype

Excitement or anticipation surrounding something (usually an event or product).

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Dietician

A specialist in nutrition and diet.

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Proverb

A short, popular saying that expresses a general truth or piece of advice.

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Subheader

A secondary heading below the main headline in an article or document; often summarises the article.

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Tale as old as time

A proverb, story, etc., that has been told or practiced for a very long time.

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Healthy gut microbiome

A crucial component for supporting the immune system; 70% of immune cells reside in the gut.

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Apples and gut health

Apples contain microbes beneficial for gut microbiome function and provide phytonutrients.

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Breaking down food

Transforming solid food into smaller components for digestion (e.g., meat, complex subjects like languages).

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Fiber in apples

Apples contain fiber, a crucial fuel for good gut bacteria, which regulates immune response.

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Plural form of 'bacteria'

The word "bacteria" is plural; the singular form is "bacterium", but the plural is generally used.

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High-fiber fruits

Pomegranates, kiwi, and raspberries are examples of high-fiber fruits that support a healthy gut.

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No one food prevents sickness

A variety of foods and nutrients are required for overall health, not just a single food.

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Variety of fruits and vegetables

A diverse range of fruits and vegetables provide a variety of nutrients and antioxidants for health.

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Whole grains, beans, nuts, and seeds

These foods are particularly high in fiber and are regularly consumed for better gut health.

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Imperative tense

The use of the base form of a verb to give instructions or directions.

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Adverb of frequency

Words like "regularly" show how frequently an action takes place.

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Tweaks in diet

Small changes in diet (e.g., including more beans or an apple) that positively impact gut health.

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Present simple conjugation with "variety"

Singular subjects use verbs in the present simple with the appropriate conjugation (e.g., 'provides' is used for 'variety').

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Base verb recommendation

Using the base form of verbs (e.g., "help" rather than "to help") is often preferable.

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Recommendation for "which help"

Often replace "which help" with the base verb "help" for consistency.

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'An apple a day keeps the doctor away'

A proverb encouraging the consumption of apples for good health, suggesting it prevents visits to the doctor.

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Why use plural nouns?

When using plural nouns, you're referring to the entire category of something, not just one specific example.

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What does 'rich' mean in this context?

In this context, 'rich' means having a high concentration or amount of something, like phytonutrients in apples.

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'Helps' vs. 'Helps to'

In American English, 'helps' followed by a verb (like 'produce') is commonly used, while 'helps to' is grammatically correct but less common.

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What does 'bounce back' mean?

'Bounce back' means to recover quickly from illness or a setback.

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What does 'given that' introduce?

'Given that' introduces a fact or condition being considered or taken into account.

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What does 'particularly' emphasize?

It highlights specific aspects or characteristics, making them stand out.

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What does 'good for' mean?

It means beneficial or helpful for something, like apples being good for gut health.

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What does 'good at' mean?

It means skilled or proficient in something, like being 'good at' making apple pies.

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Where are most immune cells located?

70% of your immune cells reside in your gut.

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What is the past simple?

The past simple tense is used to describe actions completed in the past.

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How does 'moreover' work?

It adds more information or points to what has already been said.

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What does 'more than that' mean?

It introduces a more significant point or argument than what has been discussed before.

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What's the purpose of the proverb?

It emphasizes the benefits of eating apples daily for good health and preventing illness.

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What is being considered in this context?

The fact that 70% of our immune cells live in our gut, making it important to maintain gut health.

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Considering the fact that

Similar to 'given that,' this phrase introduces a fact or condition that is relevant to the discussion.

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Break down (food)

The process of transforming solid food into smaller, digestible components.

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Break down (problems)

To simplify a complex problem or task into smaller, manageable parts.

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Fuel for good bacteria

Fiber is a source of energy for beneficial bacteria in the gut.

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Which help

Indicates an action performed by the subject, particularly when referring to a group.

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Good bacteria in the gut

Beneficial microorganisms found in the digestive system that contribute to overall health.

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Regularly eat

An instruction promoting frequent consumption of a particular food or food group.

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A variety provides

A singular subject, 'variety,' taking a singular verb form (e.g., provides).

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Apple a day keeps the doctor away

A common saying suggesting eating an apple daily contributes to good health, preventing illness.

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Study Notes

English Vocabulary and Grammar from The Guardian Article

  • "An apple a day keeps the doctor away": A proverb encouraging healthy eating. It's a tale as old as time. Grammatically, "is it true" is optional.

  • Present Continuous vs. Past Simple: "Is it true you're quitting YouTube?" (present continuous) shows an ongoing action. "Is it true you quit YouTube?" (past simple) shows a completed action.

  • "What a relief": An expression used to express relief about positive news. Can be used as a stand-alone phrase or expanded with a clause.

  • "Live up to the hype": Means to meet or exceed expectations. A new movie, for example, might live up to the hype. Negative - the movie was good, but didn’t live up to the hype.

  • "Off the mark": Inaccurate or incorrect. "On the mark" means accurate or correct. "Spot on" means 100% accurate.

  • "Phytonutrients": Nutrients important for the immune system, like vitamin C & antioxidants.

  • Plural vs. Singular Nouns : Using plural nouns, like "apples," refers to the entire category, not a specific item.

  • "Rich" (as an adjective): Describes a high concentration or high amount of something, commonly used to describe food.

  • "Antibodies": Substances the body produces to fight infection.

  • "Immune cells": Cells crucial to the immune response.

  • "Antibodies": Substances the body produces to fight infection.

  • "Inflammation": A response to injury or infection that can harm the body.

  • "Bounce back": Recover quickly from illness or a setback. "Tweaks" are small changes.

  • "Gut health": The condition of a person's gut important for gut microbiome, and an essential part of supporting the immune system. About 70% of the immune system cells are located in the gut.

  • "Gut microbiome": Good bacteria in the gut that contribute to its health and function .

  • "Fiber": A fuel source for good gut bacteria.

  • "Given that": Used to introduce a fact or condition being considered.

  • "Break down": To dissolve solid food or something difficult into smaller pieces.

  • Imperative: A command. The imperative form of eat (verb) is "eat".

  • "30 grams of fiber a day": A suggested daily fiber intake goal.

  • "Tweaks to your diet": Small changes to your eating habits. They can impact the gut microbiome in as little as three days.

Grammatical Points

  • "Helps your body to produce": This structure with "to" is used frequently, but often the infinitive "to" is omitted in American English. The base verb "produce" is acceptable grammatically.
  • "Which help/ Which help to regulate": Although both are correct in English, the author uses the base verb in many cases.
  • "A variety": This singular noun takes a singular verb form, such as "provides".
  • "Regularly": An adverb of frequency used in imperative sentences (commands). The frequency can be questioned. "Regularly" means how often.

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Description

Test your knowledge of English vocabulary and grammar with this quiz based on a Guardian article. Explore various expressions, understand verb tenses, and learn the nuances of common phrases and proverbs. Perfect for anyone looking to improve their English skills.

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