English Grammar

Study Notes

Parts of Speech:
- Nouns: person, place, thing, or idea
- Verbs: action or state of being
- Adjectives: describe nouns or pronouns
- Adverbs: describe verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs
- Pronouns: replace nouns in a sentence
- Prepositions: show relationships between words
- Conjunctions: connect words, phrases, or clauses
- Interjections: express emotion or feeling
Tenses:
- Present: happening now
- Past: happened before
- Future: will happen later
Clauses:
- Independent: complete sentence
- Dependent: cannot stand alone

Word Types:
- Homophones: words with same pronunciation but different meanings
- Homographs: words with same spelling but different meanings
- Synonyms: words with similar meanings
- Antonyms: words with opposite meanings
Word Building:
- Prefixes: added to beginning of a word
- Suffixes: added to end of a word
- Root Words: base of a word
Idioms and Phrases:
- Expressions with non-literal meanings

Reading Skills:
- Fluently read grade-level texts
- Identify main idea and supporting details
- Make inferences and draw conclusions
Writing Skills:
- Write complete sentences with correct capitalization and punctuation
- Use descriptive language to convey meaning
- Organize writing into paragraphs

Language Skills:
- Identify and explain figurative language
- Use context clues to determine word meanings
- Analyze and compare literary texts
Literary Devices:
- Metaphors
- Similes
- Personification
- Alliteration

Parts of Speech:
- There are 8 parts of speech: nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections
- Nouns represent people, places, things, or ideas
- Verbs express actions or states of being
- Adjectives describe nouns or pronouns
- Adverbs describe verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs
- Pronouns replace nouns in a sentence
- Prepositions show relationships between words
- Conjunctions connect words, phrases, or clauses
- Interjections express emotion or feeling
Tenses:
- Present tense describes actions happening now
- Past tense describes actions that happened before
- Future tense describes actions that will happen later
Clauses:
- Independent clauses are complete sentences
- Dependent clauses cannot stand alone

Word Types:
- Homophones are words with the same pronunciation but different meanings
- Homographs are words with the same spelling but different meanings
- Synonyms are words with similar meanings
- Antonyms are words with opposite meanings
Word Building:
- Prefixes are added to the beginning of a word to change its meaning
- Suffixes are added to the end of a word to change its meaning
- Root words are the base of a word
Idioms and Phrases:
- Idioms are expressions with non-literal meanings

Reading Skills:
- Grade 3 students should be able to read grade-level texts fluently
- Identify the main idea and supporting details in a text
- Make inferences and draw conclusions based on the text
Writing Skills:
- Write complete sentences with correct capitalization and punctuation
- Use descriptive language to convey meaning
- Organize writing into paragraphs

Language Skills:
- Identify and explain figurative language
- Use context clues to determine word meanings
- Analyze and compare literary texts
Literary Devices:
- Metaphors are comparisons between two unlike things without "like" or "as"
- Similes are comparisons between two unlike things using "like" or "as"
- Personification gives human-like qualities to non-human things
- Alliteration is the repetition of initial consonant sounds in words