English Grammar: Nouns and Plurals
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is an example of a compound noun?

  • armchair (correct)
  • happiness
  • activity
  • teacher

What is the correct plural form of 'wife'?

  • wives (correct)
  • wifeys
  • wifes
  • wifeses

Which suffix is used to form a noun that refers to a female profession?

  • -ist
  • -ance
  • -or
  • -ess (correct)

Which of the following words is NOT derived from a base noun?

<p>piano (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the noun formed by adding the suffix '-ship'.

<p>friendship (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a derivative noun?

<p>attendance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct plural form of 'loaf'?

<p>loaves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which noun-forming suffix is NOT included in the content provided?

<p>-ment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following nouns is always treated as plural?

<p>Clothes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct plural form of 'a computer'?

<p>Computers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an uncountable noun?

<p>Water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about 'police' is accurate?

<p>Police always takes a plural verb. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct way to say 'a bread' in reference to multiple items?

<p>Pieces of bread (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct plural form of 'a unit'?

<p>Units (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these phrases correctly demonstrates the use of a possessive pronoun with a noun?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an incorrect usage of countable and uncountable nouns?

<p>He needs three water. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the resource mentioned in the content?

<p>To assist students preparing for entrance exams and learning English (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which topic is covered under section 8 of the content?

<p>Verb (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following topics is least likely to be found in the resource?

<p>PHRASES (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of nouns does section 2 specifically address?

<p>Uncountable nouns (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which section focuses on irregular forms in the English language?

<p>Section 9: Irregular Verbs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does NOT constitute a part of English grammar listed in the content?

<p>Conjunction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tense is the focus of section 12?

<p>Present Tense Form (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial topic presented in the content?

<p>NOUN (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following nouns can be used as both countable and uncountable?

<p>sheep (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct article to use before 'apple'?

<p>an (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sentences correctly uses a countable noun?

<p>Many sheep are in the garden. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which situation would you correctly use 'some'?

<p>There are some apples. (A), There is some fish. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence demonstrates correct plural usage?

<p>There are many species of fish. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should 'a' or 'an' not be used?

<p>Both A and B (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the addition of 'the' to a surname signify?

<p>Indicates a single family (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a countable noun?

<p>sugar (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which option correctly represents a possessive noun?

<p>Tom’s going to school (C), Ahmadovs’ home (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following words is not a plural noun?

<p>Childs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence does not use an appropriate adverb?

<p>Vasif’s writing is unreadable so quickly (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the correct statement about the use of possessive forms.

<p>Possessive forms are always followed by another noun. (B), Possessive forms require an apostrophe to show ownership. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which option is an example of a comparative sentence?

<p>Alan’s running is the fastest. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phrase correctly indicates possession using the genitive case?

<p>The woman’s hat (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct way to refer to the items possessed by multiple boys?

<p>Boys’ cars (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a proper use of 's' for a singular noun?

<p>The cat’s tail (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When discussing a furniture shop owned by Tom, which phrase is grammatically correct?

<p>Tom’s furniture shop (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the phrase 'a week’s journey', what does ‘s denote?

<p>The ownership of a week (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly uses the possessive form for an item owned by a single girl?

<p>Girl’s doll (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

To indicate possession for items made by multiple women, what is the correct form?

<p>Women’s hats (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of uncountable nouns, which of the following is not considered uncountable?

<p>Apple (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Simple Noun

A basic noun, naming a person, place, thing, or idea.

Derivative Noun

A noun formed from another word by adding a suffix (ending).

Compound Noun

A noun made from two or more words.

Noun-forming suffixes

Suffixes used to create new nouns from other words.

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Plural Noun Formation - f/fe to v + es rule

For nouns ending in -f or -fe, the plural is usually formed by changing the -f to -v and adding -es. Examples: a shelf - shelves, a wife - wives, a knife - knives, a leaf - leaves

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Irregular Plural Nouns

Exception to the f/fe -> v+es rule: Some f/fe words create irregular plural forms.

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Noun Plural Rules

Differing rules for forming plurals depending on the noun's ending.

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Nouns

Words that name people, places, things, or ideas.

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Uncountable Nouns

Nouns that cannot be counted (e.g., water, rice).

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Pronouns

Words that replace nouns (e.g., he, she, it, they).

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Adjectives

Words that describe nouns (e.g., big, red, happy).

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Adverbs

Words that describe verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs (e.g., quickly, loudly, very).

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Prepositions

Words that show the relationship between a noun or pronoun and another word in the sentence (e.g., on, in, at).

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Complex Object

A grammatical structure involving a verb followed by an object and a clause.

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Verbs

Words that show action or state of being (e.g., run, eat, is).

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Irregular Verbs

Verbs that do not follow the standard rules for forming past tense.

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Verb Expressions

Groups of words with a verb that form a specific meaning (e.g., look for, put on).

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Modal Verbs

Auxiliary verbs that express possibility, necessity, or permission (e.g., can, should, must).

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Present Tense Form

The way verbs are conjugated to describe actions happening now or habitual actions.

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Past Tense Form

The way verbs are conjugated to describe actions in the past.

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Countable Nouns

Nouns that can be counted and take a/an before a singular form.

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Uncountable Nouns

Nouns that cannot be counted and do not take a/an before them.

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Singular Countable Noun

A countable noun used to refer to one item.

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Plural Countable Noun

A countable noun used to describe more than one item.

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Possessive Nouns

Nouns that show ownership or belonging.

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Possessive Plural Nouns

Plural nouns that describe more than one owner.

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Using Articles with Countable Nouns

The words 'a' or 'an' are used before singular countable nouns.

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'a' vs 'an' article

Use 'a' before consonant sounds, and 'an' before vowel sounds.

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Plural Nouns

Plural nouns are nouns that refer to more than one person, place, thing, or idea.

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Plural of 'car'

Cars

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Plural of 'man'

Men

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Singular vs plural nouns

Singular nouns refer to one person, place, thing, or idea. Plural nouns refer to more than one.

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Plural of compound nouns

Compound nouns can be pluralized by pluralizing the principal word.

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Uncountable Nouns

Uncountable nouns refer to things that cannot be counted.

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Uncountable nouns and articles

Uncountable nouns are never used with articles (a, an, the).

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Using numerative words

Numbers are used to quantify uncountable nouns, making them countable for the purpose of describing how much.

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Collective Nouns

Collective nouns refer to a group of people or things considered as a single unit.

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Collective Nouns and Number Agreement

Collective nouns can take either singular or plural verbs depending on whether the group is acting as a single unit or as separate individuals.

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Police as a collective noun

The word "police" is almost always used in the plural form.

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Possessive Pronouns

Possessive pronouns show possession and replace the noun phrase describing ownership.

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Possessive Nouns

Possessive nouns show ownership or possession. They show who or what something belongs to.

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Plural Nouns

Plural nouns refer to more than one person, place, thing, or idea.

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Nouns

Nouns are words that name people, places, things, or ideas.

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's Possessive

The 's is used to show possession with singular nouns.

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Plural of nouns

Many nouns change in their final letters or add suffixes to indicate more than one of a thing.

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Nouns in a sentence

A noun is a word for a person, place, thing, or idea.

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Possessive Noun Examples

Examples of possessive nouns: Tom's book, Richard's car

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Plural Noun Examples

Examples of plural nouns: cars, books, fruits

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Possessive Noun Rules

Possessive nouns show ownership or belonging.

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Possessive Case ('s)

Shows ownership or belonging. Added to a noun to indicate possession.

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Singular Possessive

Shows possession by a single owner; formed by adding 's to the noun.

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Plural Possessive

Shows possession by multiple owners; formed by adding 's to the plural noun if it doesn't already end in 's.

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Plural Possessive ending in 's'

For nouns ending in 's', add only an apostrophe (').

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Possessive Nouns

Nouns that show ownership.

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Using 'of' for possession

Indicates possession with nouns that don't directly use the possessive form; Example: "Legs of the table"

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's Possessive

Used after a noun for possessive case, especially with singular nouns.

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Study Notes

English Grammar

  • Nouns:
    • Simple nouns (e.g., car, bed, father, room, map)
    • Derivative nouns (e.g., teacher, activity, discussion, improvement, happiness, permission)
    • Compound nouns (e.g., armchair, bedroom, newspaper, schoolboy, toothbrush)
    • Noun-forming suffixes (e.g., -ess, -ance, -ence, -th, -ee, -ist, -or, -er, -ship, -hood, -dom, -ness, -age, -(a)tion, -ment, -ty)
    • Countable nouns (can be counted) (a book - books)
    • Uncountable nouns (cannot be counted) (a bread, an advice)
  • Plural Nouns:
    • Form plurals by adding "-s" (a book - books), (a shelf - shelves)
    • Exceptions (e.g., a wife- wives, a leaf - leaves, a roof - roofs)
  • Singular and Plural nouns:
    • Most nouns form their plural by adding -s.
    • Some nouns change their internal vowel, ending, or suffix when forming the plural.
    • Example: child - children; man - men; woman- women; foot - feet; tooth - teeth; mouse-mice; goose-geese; ox- oxen
    • Some nouns have the same singular and plural form. Examples: (deer/deer, sheep/sheep, fish/fish).
  • Possessive Case:
    • Forming the possessive (genitive) case of nouns (e.g., girl's doll, boys' cars)
    • Use of apostrophe (eg., Tom's book, Farid's phone)
  • Uncountable Nouns:
    • Do not form plural
    • Use appropriate quantifiers eg., (a glass of water, a cup of coffee, a piece of meat)

Types of Nouns

  • Proper Nouns (names of specific people, places, or things) - France, Tom, Caspian, April
  • Common Nouns (general names for people, places, or things): country, name, sea, month

Special Cases of Nouns in English

  • Some nouns always take a plural form even if they exist in singular form, eg, goods, trousers
  • Countable and Uncountable Nouns (special considerations):
    • Countable nouns can be counted, while uncountable nouns cannot be counted.
    • Use appropriate articles and quantifiers when referring to countable or uncountable nouns.

More on Grammar

  • Adjectives

  • Describe or modify nouns (e.g., big car)

  • Verbs – Indicate an action or state of being (e.g., run, sing, is) – Adverbs – Modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs

  • Prepositions – Show the relationship between nouns and/or other words (e.g., on, in, under)

  • Complex Objects - Noun phrases acting as objects

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