English Grammar: Articles and Pronouns

The (definite article):
- Used before nouns that refer to specific, previously mentioned things
- Used before singular and plural nouns
- Can be used before abstract nouns (e.g., happiness, beauty)
A/An (indefinite articles):
- Used before singular nouns that refer to non-specific things
- A used before nouns starting with consonant sounds
- An used before nouns starting with vowel sounds

Personal Pronouns:
- I, you, he, she, it, we, they
- Used to replace nouns in sentences
Possessive Pronouns:
- Mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs
- Used to show ownership or possession
Reflexive Pronouns:
- Myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, themselves
- Used to refer back to the subject of the sentence
Demonstrative Pronouns:
- This, that, these, those
- Used to point out specific things

Countable and Uncountable Nouns:
- Countable nouns can be counted (e.g., book, dog)
- Uncountable nouns cannot be counted (e.g., water, air)
Some, Any, All, Both, Each, Every:
- Used to express quantity or amount
- Used with countable and uncountable nouns
Much, Many, Little, Few:
- Used to express quantity or amount
- Much used with uncountable nouns
- Many used with countable nouns
- Little used with uncountable nouns
- Few used with countable nouns

This, That, These, Those:
- Used to point out specific things
- Used to distinguish between two or more things
This/These used for things close by
That/Those used for things farther away

The (definite article) is used before nouns that refer to specific, previously mentioned things
The can be used before singular and plural nouns
The can be used before abstract nouns (e.g., happiness, beauty)
A/An (indefinite articles) are used before singular nouns that refer to non-specific things
A is used before nouns starting with consonant sounds
An is used before nouns starting with vowel sounds

Personal Pronouns include: I, you, he, she, it, we, they
Personal Pronouns are used to replace nouns in sentences
Possessive Pronouns include: Mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs
Possessive Pronouns are used to show ownership or possession
Reflexive Pronouns include: Myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, themselves
Reflexive Pronouns are used to refer back to the subject of the sentence
Demonstrative Pronouns include: This, that, these, those
Demonstrative Pronouns are used to point out specific things

My, your, his, her, its, our, their are used to show ownership or possession
Possessive Adjectives are placed before nouns to indicate possession

The definite article is "the"
Used when the noun is specific or previously mentioned
Examples: I'm going to the store (specific store), I read the book (specific book)