Podcast
Questions and Answers
What was the main goal of mercantilism?
What was the main goal of mercantilism?
- To establish a self-sufficient colony in North America
- To encourage innovation and technological advancement in the colonies
- To create a system of trading monopolies for the benefit of the mother country (correct)
- To promote free trade and economic competition across the globe
What was the significance of the Spanish Armada's defeat?
What was the significance of the Spanish Armada's defeat?
- It resulted in the immediate declaration of war between England and Spain.
- It caused a major economic recession in England, as trade with Spain was disrupted.
- It paved the way for England's rise as a major naval power and explorer of new territories. (correct)
- It led to the establishment of a unified European empire under English rule.
Which of the following colonies was NOT funded by the Virginia Company?
Which of the following colonies was NOT funded by the Virginia Company?
- Sagadahoc
- Jamestown
- Roanoke Island (correct)
- Plymouth Plantation
What was the significance of John Rolfe's cultivation of tobacco in Jamestown?
What was the significance of John Rolfe's cultivation of tobacco in Jamestown?
What was the significance of Walter Raleigh's expeditions to Roanoke Island?
What was the significance of Walter Raleigh's expeditions to Roanoke Island?
What was the primary reason for the English colonists' decision to settle in Virginia?
What was the primary reason for the English colonists' decision to settle in Virginia?
What role did the House of Burgess play in the early development of Jamestown?
What role did the House of Burgess play in the early development of Jamestown?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between John Smith and Pocahontas?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between John Smith and Pocahontas?
Flashcards
Mercantilism
Mercantilism
An economic system with strict government regulations to control trade and accumulate wealth.
Roanoke Island
Roanoke Island
The first English colony attempt that mysteriously disappeared.
Spanish Armada, 1588
Spanish Armada, 1588
A failed attack by Spain on England that diminished Spain's naval power.
Virginia Company
Virginia Company
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Jamestown, 1607
Jamestown, 1607
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John Rolfe and Tobacco
John Rolfe and Tobacco
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Elizabeth I
Elizabeth I
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Francis Drake
Francis Drake
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Study Notes
English Colonization
- Key Figures and Events: Giovanni Caboto, Spanish Armada, Francis Drake, Mercantilism, Phillip II, Virginia Company, John Smith, House of Burgesses, Matoaka (Pocahontas), Pamunkey, Elizabeth I, Walter Raleigh, Roanoke Island, "Protestant Wind," Jamestown, Powhatan, Tobacco, James I, Sagadahoc.
- Mercantilism: A system of strict government control of national trade with policies to accumulate gold and silver (bullion), achieve a favorable trade balance, and establish trading monopolies. Colonies produced raw materials and only traded with approved merchants from the mother country. The theory assumed a fixed amount of global wealth.
Additional Notes
- Raleigh's Expeditions: Earliest attempts at English colonization involved sending mercenaries in 1585, then families in 1587.
- English Colonization Guidelines: English explorers shared wealth with the monarchy, settlers had the same rights as English citizens, and the colony remained loyal to England.
- Result of the Roanoke Experiment: Funding overseas ventures exceeded individual means. Colonizing America proved difficult and hazardous. The English desire for land in the New World resulted in the establishment of Virginia as a name.
- Virginia Company: A joint-stock trading company chartered in 1606. A self-governing corporation with two investor groups (London and Plymouth). Funded Sagadahoc, Jamestown, and Plymouth plantation. Became bankrupt in 1624.
- Jamestown: First permanent English settlement in the Americas. Became a royal colony in 1624, and the first plantation economy in North America, relying on indentured servants and slavery.
- Sagadahoc Colony: Established in 1607 (also called the Popham Colony).
- James I: King of England from 1603 - 1625.
- Powhatan (Pamunkey): Indigenous people.
- Matoaka (Pocahontas): Indigenous leader.
- John Rolfe and Tobacco: Played a role in Virginia's success by cultivating tobacco, a highly profitable crop.
- Results of Spanish Armada's Defeat: Diminished Spain's naval power, boosted England's prestige, and inspired more exploration. France, Sweden, and the Netherlands were also motivated to explore.
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