Questions and Answers
The Navigation Acts allowed colonies to trade freely with any country.
False
What economic theory suggests that colonies exist for the benefit of the mother country?
mercantilism
What system provided land to those who paid for indentured servants' passage?
The Chesapeake colonies focused on __________ as their main cash crop.
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Who sought royal control over the New England colonies?
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Which colonies were primarily focused on rice and sugar?
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The Southern Colonies had a focus on diverse crops, including tobacco, rice, and sugar.
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Which act provided religious freedom in Maryland?
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Study Notes
English Colonization
- Mercantilism: Colonies were established primarily to benefit England economically.
- Navigation Acts mandated that colonial trade be conducted exclusively with England, leading many colonists to resort to smuggling.
Effects of Navigation Acts
- New England (NE) thrived, becoming a hub for large-scale shipbuilding industries.
- Chesapeake Bay colonies, particularly Virginia and Maryland, faced economic challenges as they received lower prices for their tobacco and other goods.
Dominion of New England
- Under James II, the colonies were combined into larger administrative units to increase royal control.
- New England colonies were centralized, which included taxing and revoking local governance, undermining town halls.
Chesapeake Colonies
- Maryland and Virginia's economies were largely centered on tobacco cultivation, initially relying on indentured servants before Bacon's Rebellion.
- Headright System incentivized estate owners by granting 50 acres for each indentured servant whose passage they financed.
- Maryland Act of Toleration established a precedent for religious freedom within the colonies.
- Early representative assemblies existed in these colonies, providing a forum for local governance.
Southern Colonies
- South Carolina and the West Indies concentrated on rice and sugar production, with a significant portion of the population being enslaved individuals.
- North Carolina predominantly featured small tobacco farms.
- Georgia was established as a buffer colony to protect against external threats.
- The Caribbean was characterized by extensive sugar cane production, key in the transatlantic economy.
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Description
This quiz explores the key aspects of English colonization, focusing on mercantilism and the effects of the Navigation Acts. It discusses how these acts influenced colonial economies and the consolidation of control through the Dominion of New England. Test your knowledge on these pivotal historical events.
