English Colonization PDF

English Colonization Terms: Giovanni Caboto Elizabeth I Spanish Armada Walter Raleigh Francis Drake Roanoke Island Mercantilism “Protestant Wind” Phillip II Jamestown Virginia Company Powhatan John Smith Tobacco House of Burgess James I Matoaka Sagada...

English Colonization Terms: Giovanni Caboto Elizabeth I Spanish Armada Walter Raleigh Francis Drake Roanoke Island Mercantilism “Protestant Wind” Phillip II Jamestown Virginia Company Powhatan John Smith Tobacco House of Burgess James I Matoaka Sagadahoc Pamunkey  Mercantilism in the Atlantic World An economic system characterized by strict governmental regulation of the entire national economy, usually through policies designed to secure an accumulation of bullion, a favorable balance of trade, and the establishment of foreign trading monopolies. – Colonies produce mostly raw materials. – Colonies can only trade with merchants approved by the mother country. – Built on the assumption that the world’s supply of wealth was fixed. Elizabeth I (1558-1603) Walter Raleigh expeditions: 1585 - Mercenaries 1587 – English families Guidelines for English colonization: 1. English explorers would share whatever wealth found with the English monarchy. 2. Prospective settlers would be given the same rights as English citizens in England. 3. The colony would remain true to England. Roanoke Island  Result of Raleigh’s Experiment: Proved that funding oversea ventures was beyond the means any one individual. Colonizing America was would be a difficult and hazardous venture. English aspirations to the new world now had a name: Virginia Francis Drake and the Golden Hind (1577) Spanish Armada, 1588  Result of the Spanish Armada’s Defeat: Diminished Spain’s standing as a naval super power. Established England as an important nation in Europe. Gave England a moral boost and incentive to explore new territories. Also provide incentive for France, Sweden, and the Netherlands to explore new territories.  Virginia Company Joint stock trading company chartered in 1606 A self governing corporation. Two groups of investers: London & Plymouth. Funded Sagadahoc, Jamestown, and Plymouth plantation. Bankrupt in 1624 Sagadahoc, (AKA Popham Colony)1607 James I (reign: 1603-1625) Jamestown, 1607 Powhatan (Pamunkey)  Matoaka and Captain John Smith John Rolfe and Tobacco  Jamestown 1st permanent English settlement in the Americas. Lost its charter and became a royal colony in 1624. Emerges as the 1st plantation economy in North America. – Dependent on indentured servants and slavery.