Enfoque Basado en Riesgo: KYC y PEP

Enfoque Basado en Riesgo

• KYC (Conozca a su Cliente) is a continuous process for identifying, profiling, and updating client information.
• It begins when a client initiates a transaction requiring identification and continues throughout interactions.
• The goal is to ensure all available information is used to verify client identity and update profiles.
• KYC implies the client must be properly identified, verified, documented, and registered in entity records with proof of legitimate funds origin.
• Market actors must obtain complete client information for proper identification and understanding of client needs.
• Risk assessment depends on client type (natural or legal person), risk level (low, medium, high), nationality (local or foreign), account type (local or international), to ensure accurate identification.

Personas Expuestas Políticamente (PEP)

• Enhanced due diligence is required for PEP clients, due to their higher risk profile.
• Verification includes checking if the client or beneficiary is considered a PEP (nationally or internationally), or is a close relative or collaborator of a PEP.
• The approval of the Senior Management must be obtained for business relationships with PEP clients.
• Individuals holding mid-level or subordinate positions are not considered PEPs.

Enfoque Basado en Riesgos

• Entities must identify and promptly address inherent risks from business operations for effective risk management.
• Risk controls and procedures are designed for mitigation or prevention of identified risks.
• Evaluation of risks includes policy, procedure, technological resources, and staff training for consistent control implementation.
• Continual risk assessment is needed for changes in operating environments, laws, or emerging threats.
• Implementation of Risk Controls addresses core risk concerns and resources are devoted to high-risk situations.

Factores de Riesgo

• Risk assessment is carried out through multiple stages to mitigate money laundering and financing of terrorism.
• Factors considered include, client type, nationality, residence, origin of funds, and potential use for illicit activities.
• Risk assessment is performed for individuals and business entities with diverse characteristics and activities, identifying risks, including geographic factors.
• Risk assessment looks at the nature of a business' activities; for example, high-cash transactions or associations with high-risk countries.

Identificación de Clientes

• Client identification documents are essential for opening accounts.
• Required documents include national identification, passports, and any other mandated documentation for identification.
• Particular attention is required for client identification when there may be suspicion around funds' origin or intent for illicit activities.
• Discrepancies or irregularities in provided information may trigger further investigations and due diligence processes, if applicable.
• Suspicion of funds' origin or connection to illicit activities can delay or deny account opening.

Documentación Requerida

• Companies gather specific documentation to verify client identity and meet legal requirements.
• This involves examining the provided documents against legal guidelines and completing required steps, like examining photo identification to validate physical characteristics, such as eye color, height, weight, and date of birth.
• This documented verification ensures compliance with applicable regulations.
• Incomplete or inconsistent documents can block account opening.

Matriz de Riesgo

• Risk matrices evaluate client risk based on factors, giving different levels of assessed risk.
• Analysis of activities and factors, including internal and external risks, is conducted for a thorough risk assessment.
• Information from clients and the business environment is evaluated, leading to a more complete risk profile.

Metodología de Evaluación de Riesgos

• A thorough risk assessment involves evaluating factors related to transaction risk, including possible external and internal factors.
• The thorough assessment assesses both the likelihood and impact of a risk event and its potential negative repercussions on a business.
• Risk assessment is ongoing; financial and regulatory standards are constantly changing. Risk profiles are routinely checked.

Este cuestionario explora el enfoque basado en riesgo en el proceso KYC (Conozca a su Cliente) y la debida diligencia mejorada necesaria para las Personas Expuestas Políticamente (PEP). Aprende sobre la identificación y evaluación de riesgos en clientes, así como la importancia de obtener información completa para el cumplimiento normativo. Ideal para profesionales del sector financiero y aquellos interesados en gestión de riesgos.