78 Questions
What is the result of bond breaking during a chemical reaction?
Energy is absorbed
What is the term for the energy required to break a bond?
Bond dissociation energy
What is the term for the total energy of a chemical system at a given pressure?
Enthalpy
What type of reaction releases energy?
Exothermic reaction
What is the symbol for the change in enthalpy?
ΔH
What happens to the energy of the products in an exothermic reaction?
It decreases
What type of reaction absorbs energy?
Endothermic reaction
What happens when new bonds form in the products of a reaction?
Energy is released
What is the difference in energy between the reactants and the products known as?
Heat of reaction or enthalpy change
In an exothermic reaction, what is the sign of ΔH?
Less than zero
What is the unit of ΔH?
kJ/mol
What is the graphical representation of an exothermic reaction?
Energy of reactants is higher than that of the products
What is the minimum amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction?
Activation energy
What is the symbol used to represent the change in enthalpy?
ΔH
In an endothermic reaction, what is the sign of ΔH?
Greater than zero
What is the energy change in an exothermic reaction?
Energy is released
What is the energy change in an endothermic reaction?
Energy is absorbed
What is the purpose of activation energy in a chemical reaction?
To initiate the reaction
What is the energy change in an exothermic reaction?
∆H is negative
What happens to the potential energy in an exothermic reaction?
It decreases from reactants to products
What is the role of the activated complex in a reaction?
It is the highest energy point in the reaction
What is the energy change in an endothermic reaction?
∆H is positive
What happens to the potential energy in an endothermic reaction?
It increases from reactants to products
What is the significance of the activation energy in a reaction?
It is the initial energy input needed to initiate the reaction
What is the characteristic of an energy diagram for an exothermic reaction?
The energy decreases from reactants to products
What is the characteristic of an energy diagram for an endothermic reaction?
The energy increases from reactants to products
What is the primary reason for energy changes in chemical reactions?
Formation and breaking of chemical bonds
Which of the following statements is true about exothermic reactions?
Energy is released to the surroundings
What is the relationship between bond energy and enthalpy?
Bond energy is a component of enthalpy
In which type of reaction is the energy of the products higher than the energy of the reactants?
Endothermic reaction
What is the energy change in a reaction where the bond energy of the reactants is greater than the bond energy of the products?
Energy is released
Which of the following is a characteristic of endothermic reactions?
Energy is absorbed from the surroundings
What determines the energy required to break a chemical bond?
The strength of the bond
What is the relationship between the energy of the reactants and the energy of the products in an exothermic reaction?
The energy of the reactants is higher
What is the energy change in a reaction when the energy of the products is higher than the energy of the reactants?
Endothermic
What is the term for the minimum amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction?
Activation energy
In a graphical representation of an exothermic reaction, what happens to the energy level as the reaction progresses?
It drops down
What is the significance of the heat of reaction (∆H) in a chemical reaction?
It indicates the amount of energy released
What is the characteristic of an energy diagram for an endothermic reaction?
The energy level rises up
What is the purpose of the activated complex in a reaction?
To facilitate bond formation
In a chemical reaction, what happens to the bonds in the reactants?
They are broken
What is the unit of the heat of reaction (∆H)?
kJ·mol⁻¹
What is the difference between the energy of the products and the energy of the reactants in an exothermic reaction?
The energy of the reactants is higher
What is the significance of the energy change in a chemical reaction?
All of the above
What is the primary difference between an exothermic and endothermic reaction in terms of energy?
The direction of energy change
What is the role of the activated complex in a reaction?
It is the highest energy point of the reaction
Which of the following statements is true about the energy diagram for an exothermic reaction?
The energy decreases from reactants to products
What is the significance of the activation energy in a reaction?
It is the energy required to initiate the reaction
In an endothermic reaction, what happens to the potential energy?
It increases from reactants to products
What is the characteristic of an energy diagram for an endothermic reaction?
The energy increases from reactants to products
What is the primary purpose of the energy diagram for a reaction?
To show the energy changes during the reaction
What happens to the bonds in the reactants during a chemical reaction?
They are broken
What is the primary energy change that occurs in an exothermic reaction?
Energy is released to the surroundings
Which of the following best describes the role of the activated complex in a chemical reaction?
The transient state where old bonds are breaking and new bonds are forming
What is the significance of the energy diagram for an endothermic reaction?
It shows the energy absorbed from the surroundings
What is the primary difference between an exothermic and endothermic reaction in terms of energy?
The energy change in the reaction
Which of the following statements is true about the energy change in an exothermic reaction?
The energy of the products is lower than the energy of the reactants
What is the primary purpose of the activation energy in a chemical reaction?
To initiate the reaction
What is the significance of the energy change in a chemical reaction?
It determines the spontaneity of the reaction
Which of the following statements is true about the energy diagram for an exothermic reaction?
It shows a decrease in potential energy from reactants to products
In an exothermic reaction, what is the direction of energy change?
Energy is released to the surroundings
What is the primary function of the activation energy in a chemical reaction?
To initiate the reaction by providing the necessary energy
What is the graphical representation of an endothermic reaction?
A graph that starts at a low energy level and rises up as the reaction progresses
What is the relationship between the energy of the reactants and the energy of the products in an endothermic reaction?
The energy of the reactants is lower than the energy of the products
What is the characteristic of the energy diagram for an exothermic reaction?
The energy level decreases as the reaction progresses
What is the significance of the heat of reaction (∆H) in a chemical reaction?
It determines the energy change in the reaction
In an exothermic reaction, what happens to the energy of the reactants?
The energy of the reactants decreases as the reaction progresses
What is the primary difference between an exothermic and endothermic reaction in terms of energy?
The direction of energy change
What is the role of the activated complex in a reaction?
To facilitate the reaction by providing an intermediate state
What determines the energy required to break a chemical bond?
The bond energy of the reactants
What is the primary reason for the difference in energy between the reactants and products in an exothermic reaction?
The formation of stronger bonds in the products
What is the relationship between the bond energy of the reactants and the energy released in an exothermic reaction?
The bond energy of the reactants is less than the energy released
What is the significance of the enthalpy change (ΔH) in an endothermic reaction?
It represents the energy absorbed by the reaction
What is the characteristic of the energy diagram for an exothermic reaction?
The energy level decreases as the reaction progresses
What is the role of bond energy in determining the energy change in a chemical reaction?
It determines the difference in energy between the reactants and products
What is the primary difference between an exothermic and endothermic reaction in terms of energy?
The direction of energy flow
What is the significance of the activation energy in a chemical reaction?
It represents the minimum energy required to start a reaction
What is the relationship between the energy of the reactants and the energy of the products in an endothermic reaction?
The energy of the reactants is lower than the energy of the products
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