Energy Balance: Intake vs. Output

What constitutes energy balance?

What dietary change would most effectively shift someone into a state of positive energy balance?

What defines a state of negative energy balance?

If Jim, who is 25 years old and weighs 165 lbs, consumes an extra 100 kcal daily while maintaining the same activity level, what is the most likely long-term outcome?

What is the primary way the body prevents continuous weight gain from a short period of positive energy balance?

In humans, what typically happens to excess carbohydrates and proteins that are not immediately used for energy?

What is the primary fate of excess calories in the body, regardless of their source (carbohydrates, proteins, or fats)?

According to the provided estimates, what is the daily caloric requirement for a moderately active 15-year-old female?

Using the estimation method provided, what would be the approximate healthy weight for a woman who is 5'8"?

Which of the following is considered a macronutrient?

Which of the following is a primary function of lipids (fats) in the body?

What is a key characteristic of vitamins?

Why is water considered the most important nutrient?

Which of these ingredients would disqualify bread from being a 'whole grain' food?

What is a common characteristic of 'bad fats' like trans and saturated fats?

Which statement accurately describes the role of carbohydrates (CHO) in the body?

Which of the following modifications to traditional food preparation would best align with the Mediterranean diet principles?

What is a key finding from the Seven Countries Study regarding cardiovascular disease?

In the context of the DASH diet, what is the recommended upper limit of sodium intake for most adults, according to the American Heart Association?

According to the DASH diet guidelines, which of the following is considered a single serving of grains?

Someone adhering to the Mediterranean diet would likely consume which type of meat most frequently?

How does thyroid hormone activity affect weight management?

What differentiates 'good fats' from 'bad fats'?

According to the sample nutrition label, what percentage of the Daily Value (DV) for sodium is provided in one serving?

What did the DIRECT study reveal regarding the effects of different diets on weight loss?

Which statement best describes how the body handles excessive consumption of both carbohydrates and proteins?

If someone’s diet primarily consists of grain-based desserts, yeast breads, and chicken mixed dishes, what aspect of their nutritional intake is likely being overemphasized?

What is the underlying biochemical reason humans have limited capacity to convert carbohydrates or protein to fat?

How might increased thyroid hormone activity physiologically counteract weight gain from positive energy balance?

Which of the following best describes how the Mediterranean diet favorably impacts cardiovascular health relative to a low-fat diet, as suggested by Gepner et al.?

What evolutionary adaptation might underlie the body's propensity to store excess calories as fat rather than converting them into muscle or directly excreting them?

Given that the average American diet contains 3,400 mg of sodium or more per day, and 1 teaspoon of salt contains approximately 2,300 mg of sodium, what does that indicate?

Referencing the Food Pyramid graphic, which food group should constitute the largest portion of a traditional diet?

What is the primary focus of the DASH diet regarding sodium intake?

What is the most accurate method for determining whether a food product consists of whole grains?

Which of the following is NOT considered one of the Top Sources of Calories in Americans 2 Years and Older?

Why might nutritionists advise the patient to avoid food that lists “High fructose corn syrup” as one of it's ingredients?

If both the Mediterranean and DASH diets are considered heart-healthy, what are their key distinct approaches?

What physiological process is most immediately affected by the consumption of water-soluble vitamins?

Based on the data supplied, what potentially confounding factor may have skewed the results of the Seven Countries Study?