Energy Balance in Evaporation and Runoff Process

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What method involves evaluating the inflow into an area, outflow from the area, and the change in groundwater level?

Field experimental plots

Soil water studies

Integration methods

Inflow-outflow method (correct)

Which method of determining evapotranspiration involves combining water used by plants with evaporation from water and soil surfaces?

Soil water studies

Inflow-outflow method

Integration methods (correct)

Field experimental plots

What is the primary outcome of keeping the quantity of water applied in field experimental plots small?

Decrease deep percolation losses (correct)

Increase deep percolation losses

Measure direct runoff accurately

Enhance surface runoff

Which category of methods involves evaluating wind and humidity at different elevations to predict evaporation and transpiration?

Mass Transfer Signup and view all the answers

What does the integration method combine to estimate evapotranspiration?

Plant water use and surface evaporation Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of subsidence in groundwater systems?

Reduction in water pressure causing compaction Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between drawdown and overdraft in groundwater systems?

Overdraft causes temporary water table lowering, while drawdown leads to permanent storage reduction. Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of over-pumping on groundwater systems?

Compaction of fine particles and a decline in the water table Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can harm water quality in groundwater systems?

Organic compounds and pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between point and non-point sources of contamination?

Non-point sources cumulatively threaten water quality, unlike point sources. Signup and view all the answers

How does drawdown differ from subsurface flow in groundwater systems?

Drawdown is caused by compacted particles, while subsurface flow involves direct runoff. Signup and view all the answers

What is the process and pathways through which excess water becomes streamflow?

Channel Interception Signup and view all the answers

Which pathway involves excess water flowing over the soil surface?

Surface Runoff Signup and view all the answers

What is the sum of channel interception, surface flow, and subsurface flow known as?

Direct Runoff Signup and view all the answers

Which factor affects the occurrence of runoff when it exceeds the infiltration rate?

Infiltration rate Signup and view all the answers

What happens when water fills the depressions on the soil surface?

Formation of overland flow Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the role of channel detention in runoff?

Water flowing into defined channels Signup and view all the answers

What defines the separation between the zone of aeration and saturation?

Blue line - water table Signup and view all the answers

What does an influent stream contribute to the zone of saturation?

Groundwater Recharge Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a geologic formation that contains water and can transmit it economically for pumping?

Aquifer Signup and view all the answers

Which property measures the ease with which an aquifer will transmit water?

Transmissibility Signup and view all the answers