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Questions and Answers
What is the condition for energy balance to occur?
What is the condition for energy balance to occur?
- When the energy content of food is less than the total amount of energy expended by the body
- When the energy content of food is greater than the total amount of energy expended by the body
- When the energy content of food is matched by the total amount of energy expended by the body (correct)
- When the energy content of food is irrelevant to the total amount of energy expended by the body
What is the result of homeostatic control in energy balance?
What is the result of homeostatic control in energy balance?
- Maintenance of body weight and body energy stores (correct)
- Significant increase in body weight
- Significant decrease in body weight
- Unpredictable fluctuations in body weight
When is energy balanced?
When is energy balanced?
- When we consume less energy than we expend each day
- When we consume the same amount of energy that we expend each day (correct)
- When we don't consume any energy
- When we consume more energy than we expend each day
What causes fluctuations in body weight according to the text?
What causes fluctuations in body weight according to the text?
Can energy balance occur in individuals with different activity levels?
Can energy balance occur in individuals with different activity levels?
Which enzyme is responsible for the initial breakdown of starch in the mouth?
Which enzyme is responsible for the initial breakdown of starch in the mouth?
What is the primary action of salivary amylase on starch?
What is the primary action of salivary amylase on starch?
What is the function of mastication in the mouth during carbohydrate digestion?
What is the function of mastication in the mouth during carbohydrate digestion?
Which part of the gastrointestinal tract is responsible for the digestion of monosaccharides?
Which part of the gastrointestinal tract is responsible for the digestion of monosaccharides?
What is the role of specific enzymes in the digestion of carbohydrates?
What is the role of specific enzymes in the digestion of carbohydrates?
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Study Notes
Energy Balance
- Energy balance occurs when energy intake equals energy expenditure.
- The result of homeostatic control in energy balance is a stable body weight.
- Energy balance is achieved when the energy intake from the diet equals the energy expenditure from the body's metabolic processes.
Factors Affecting Energy Balance
- Fluctuations in body weight occur when there is a mismatch between energy intake and energy expenditure.
- Energy balance can occur in individuals with different activity levels, but it requires adjustments to energy intake to match their energy expenditure.
Carbohydrate Digestion
- Salivary amylase is the enzyme responsible for the initial breakdown of starch in the mouth.
- The primary action of salivary amylase on starch is to break it down into smaller molecules, such as maltose and dextrins.
- Mastication (chewing) in the mouth helps to mix carbohydrates with salivary amylase, increasing the surface area for digestion.
- The small intestine is responsible for the digestion of monosaccharides.
- Specific enzymes, such as lactase, sucrase, and maltase, are involved in the breakdown of carbohydrates into absorbable monosaccharides.
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