Endocrinology: Parathyroid Gland Functions

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

Decrease bone resorption
Increase plasma calcium levels (correct)
Increase glucose levels
Stimulate thyroid hormone production

Chief cells in the parathyroid gland release hormones in response to increased plasma calcium levels.

False (B)

What is the condition called when there are decreased levels of calcium in the blood?

hypocalcemia

The primary cell type in the parathyroid gland is the ______.

chief cell Signup and view all the answers

Match the actions of parathyroid hormone with their effects:

Stimulates osteoclasts = Promotes bone resorption Increases intestinal uptake = Enhances calcium absorption from food Increases renal resorption = Reduces calcium excretion Decreased plasma calcium = Triggers PTH release Signup and view all the answers

The three main ways PTH increases plasma calcium are…

To stimulate osteoclasts for bone resorption and calcium release, increase intestinal uptake and increase renal resorption Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Parathyroid Gland Overview

Located adjacent to the thyroid gland.
Chief cell is the primary cell type found in the parathyroid gland.

Function of Chief Cells

Chief cells secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH).
PTH is released in response to decreased plasma calcium levels.

Role of Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)

Triggers bone resorption by stimulating osteoclasts, which helps release calcium from bones.
Enhances the intestinal absorption of calcium, increasing overall calcium levels in the body.
Promotes renal resorption of calcium, ensuring more calcium is retained in the bloodstream.

Implications of Hypocalcemia

A decrease in blood calcium levels (hypocalcemia) is a critical signal for PTH release.
PTH plays a vital role in regulating and restoring calcium homeostasis in the body.

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Description

This quiz explores the anatomy and physiology of the parathyroid gland, particularly focusing on its main cell type, the chief cells, and their role in producing parahormone (PTH). It highlights how PTH functions in response to hypocalcemia and its effects on bone, intestinal absorption, and renal resorption of calcium. Test your knowledge on these key endocrine processes.