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Questions and Answers
True or false: The parathyroid gland is only located within the thyroid gland in pigs?
True or false: The parathyroid gland is only located within the thyroid gland in pigs?
True (A)
True or false: The parathyroid gland consists of three main cells in most species?
True or false: The parathyroid gland consists of three main cells in most species?
False (B)
True or false: The main secretory product of chief cells is a polypeptide containing 115 amino acids?
True or false: The main secretory product of chief cells is a polypeptide containing 115 amino acids?
False (B)
True or false: Oxyphil cells contain granules called Oxyphil granules?
True or false: Oxyphil cells contain granules called Oxyphil granules?
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True or false: The function of oxyphil cells is well known?
True or false: The function of oxyphil cells is well known?
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Study Notes
Parathyroid Gland Location
- Located at or within the thyroid gland in humans, horses, and dogs
- In ruminants, the gland is located cranial to the thyroid gland (external parathyroid) and embedded in the thyroid gland (internal parathyroid)
- In pigs, there is only an external parathyroid gland
Parathyroid Gland Composition
- Consists of two main cell types in most species:
- Chief cells
- Oxyphil cells
Chief Cells
- Contain Golgi apparatus (GA) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) with secretory granules
- Secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH)
- PTH is a linear polypeptide hormone containing 84 amino acids
- Synthesized as part of a larger molecule containing 115 amino acids (prepro-PTH)
- Upon entry to the ER, 25 amino acids are removed to form a 90-amino acid polypeptide (pro-PTH)
- 6 amino acids are removed from pro-PTH in the GA, resulting in the 84-amino acid PTH
Oxyphil Cells
- Function is unknown
- Contain granules called oxyphil granules
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