Endocrine System Quiz: Pituitary Gland

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Questions and Answers

Which hormone stimulates the secretion of TSH?

Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)

Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) (correct)

The posterior pituitary gland releases hormones directly into the bloodstream.

True

What are the two major lobes of the pituitary gland?

Anterior pituitary and posterior pituitary

The hormone _____ inhibits the secretion of growth hormone.

Somatostatin Signup and view all the answers

Match the hypothalamic hormones with their respective functions:

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) = Stimulates secretion of TSH Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) = Stimulates secretion of ACTH Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) = Stimulates secretion of FSH & LH Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) = Stimulates secretion of GH Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is secreted by somatotropes in the anterior pituitary?

Growth Hormone (GH) Signup and view all the answers

Corticotropes in the anterior pituitary secrete Luteinizing Hormone (LH).

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of inhibiting hormones like PIH and GHIH in the endocrine system?

They shut off the synthesis and release of anterior pituitary hormones. Signup and view all the answers

The anterior pituitary hormone that acts on the thyroid gland is called _____ .

TSH Signup and view all the answers

Match the following anterior pituitary hormones with their respective target organs:

TSH = Thyroid ACTH = Adrenal cortex FSH = Ovary/Testes GH = Liver Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hormones is classified as a steroid hormone?

Cortisol Signup and view all the answers

Steroid hormones are stored in vesicles before being released.

False Signup and view all the answers

What connects the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland?

infundibulum Signup and view all the answers

Steroid hormones require ______ proteins to be transported in the blood due to their low water solubility.

carrier Signup and view all the answers

Match the following hormone classes with their characteristics:

Amino acid-derived = Hydrophilic and includes catecholamines Peptide/protein = Stored in vesicles and soluble in plasma Steroid = Hydrophobic and poorly soluble in plasma Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the hypothalamus?

To maintain homeostasis Signup and view all the answers

The pituitary gland has both anterior and posterior sections.

True Signup and view all the answers

What role do libers and statins play in the pituitary gland?

They regulate pituitary hormone secretion. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hypothalamus-Pituitary Axis

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulates the secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
The posterior pituitary gland releases hormones directly into the bloodstream.
The two major lobes of the pituitary gland are the anterior pituitary and the posterior pituitary.
Somatostatin inhibits the secretion of growth hormone.
The hypothalamus produces releasing hormones (e.g., TRH, GnRH) and inhibiting hormones (e.g., PIH, GHIH).
Growth hormone is secreted by somatotropes in the anterior pituitary.
Corticotropes in the anterior pituitary secrete adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), not Luteinizing Hormone (LH).
Inhibiting hormones like PIH and GHIH regulate the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary.
The anterior pituitary hormone that acts on the thyroid gland is called thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
Anterior Pituitary Hormones and their Target Organs:
- Growth Hormone (GH): Target: **All body tissues (especially bone & muscle) **
- Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH): Target: Thyroid Gland
- Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH): Target: Adrenal Cortex
- Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH): Target: Ovaries (females) and testes (males)
- Luteinizing hormone (LH): Target: Ovaries (females) and testes (males)
- Prolactin (PRL): Target: Mammary Glands
Steroid hormones are derived from cholesterol.
Steroid hormones are not stored in vesicles before being released.
The hypothalamus is connected to the pituitary gland via the infundibulum.
Steroid hormones require carrier proteins to be transported in the blood due to their low water solubility.

Hormone Classes

Steroid hormones: Derived from cholesterol; lipid-soluble; can cross cell membranes; act on intracellular receptors; require carrier proteins for transport in the blood.
Peptide hormones: Short chains of amino acids; water-soluble; cannot cross cell membranes; act on cell surface receptors; do not require carrier proteins for transport in the blood.
Amino acid derivative hormones: Derived from single amino acids; water-soluble; cannot cross cell membranes; act on cell surface receptors; do not require carrier proteins for transport in the blood.

Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland

The hypothalamus regulates the release of hormones from the pituitary gland.
The pituitary gland has both anterior and posterior sections.
The anterior pituitary is controlled by releasing hormones and inhibiting hormones from the hypothalamus.
Releasing hormones stimulate the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary.
Inhibiting hormones suppress the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the hormones produced by the pituitary gland and their functions within the endocrine system. This quiz covers various aspects, including the stimulation of TSH, major lobes, and the role of inhibiting hormones. Challenge yourself with matching exercises and hormone classifications.