Endocrine System Hormones and Functions
48 Questions
3 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the role of thrombopoietin?

  • Stimulates blood cell production in the bone marrow
  • Helps develop T lymphocytes
  • Stimulates platelet production (correct)
  • Inhibits calcitriol

    • Which hormone is an intermediate stimulus to help bone growth?

  • Thrombopoietin
  • Erythropoietin (EPO)
  • Angiotensinogen
  • Insulin like growth factor (correct)

    • What does leptin, produced by adipose tissue, regulate?

  • Blood cell production
  • Bone metabolism (correct)
  • Insulin production
  • Calcitriol levels

    • What is the effect of aging on hormonal production?

    <p>Increase in parathyroid hormone levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the endocrine system?

    <p>To maintain homeostasis through the secretion of hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the relationship between hormones and receptors?

    <p>Hormones can cause different reactions if they have receptors on multiple organs or glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a category of hormones based on their composition?

    <p>Carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the paracrine system in cellular communication?

    <p>It causes adjustments within the cell that secretes the chemical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone is responsible for increasing blood glucose levels through glycogenolysis?

    <p>Glucagon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone inhibits renin secretion and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)?

    <p>Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone promotes pancreatic enzyme and bile production to help with digestion?

    <p>Cholecystokinin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone plays a role in appetite and pancreas secretions?

    <p>Pancreatic polypeptide hormone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is melatonin produced that can help promote drowsiness?

    <p>Pineal gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for softening the pubic symphysis to aid in easier childbirth?

    <p>Relaxin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone is important for the menstrual cycle and pregnancy?

    <p><strong>Progesterone</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    Lipolysis is the process of breaking down stored triglycerides into free fatty acids or glycerol primarily for what purpose?

    <p><strong>Energy production</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone does NOT have receptors in RBC's, brain, liver, kidneys, and small intestines?

    <p>Insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) produced by the placenta?

    <p>Protects fetus from immune rejection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of prolactin in women?

    <p>Activates lactation and mammary gland development if pregnant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of melanin-releasing hormone (MRH) in the intermediate pituitary area?

    <p>Stimulates melanin formation in response to UV light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stimulates the production of thyroid hormones T3 and T4 into the bloodstream?

    <p>Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of calcitonin released by the thyroid gland?

    <p>Decreases blood calcium levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of parathyroid hormone (PH) secreted by the parathyroid gland?

    <p>Increases blood calcium levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common hormone produced by the adrenal cortex?

    <p>Aldosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormones does the adrenal medulla produce?

    <p>Epinephrine and norepinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of melatonin produced by the pineal gland?

    <p>Affects body’s circadian rhythms, body temperature, and appetite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increased production of parathyroid hormone (PH) as people age?

    <p>Severe bone cell breakdown and osteoporosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone production increases as a response to danger or stress, resulting in the fight or flight response?

    <p>Epinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What disease is caused by an adrenal gland problem of too much cortisol which increases blood glucose?

    <p>Cushing’s disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gland is posterior to the hypothalamus and produces melatonin?

    <p>Pineal gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hormones travel to a hormone receptor in the cell to cause a change?

    <p>Lipid soluble hormones and thyroid hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to activate proteins as a result of the second messenger system?

    <p>Phosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme turns off cyclic adenosine phosphate (cAMP) quickly?

    <p>Phosphodiesterase (PDE)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the alternate second messenger apart from cyclic adenosine phosphate (cAMP)?

    <p>Calcium ion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if a certain amount of hormone or drug is floating in the blood?

    <p>Downregulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the permissive effect in the context of hormones?

    <p>A hormone enables another hormone to act</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which glands are considered the command center for the endocrine system?

    <p>Hypothalamus and pituitary gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is secreted by the posterior pituitary during a positive feedback loop associated with childbirth?

    <p>Oxytocin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone causes the kidneys to reabsorb more water?

    <p>Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do the hormones from the hypothalamus travel through to instruct the anterior pituitary to release or inhibit release of a hormone?

    <p>Hypophyseal portal system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many hormones does the anterior pituitary produce?

    <p>6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone promotes protein synthesis and tissue building?

    <p>Growth hormone (GH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of cyclic adenosine phosphate (cAMP) as a second messenger?

    <p>Activate protein kinases to start phosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when cells undergo downregulation due to excess stimulation?

    <p>The number of hormone receptors decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is commonly known as vasopressin and is restricted by alcohol, caffeine, and diabetes insipidus?

    <p>Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the hypophyseal portal system in the endocrine system?

    <p>To transport hormones from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stimulates the release of corticosteroid hormones from the adrenal cortex?

    <p>Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of growth hormone (GH) in the body?

    <p>Promote protein synthesis and tissue building</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser