Endocrine System: Neurohormonal Control of Reproductive Hormones
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the Fallopian tubes in the female reproductive system?

  • To transport eggs from the ovaries to the uterus (correct)
  • To nurture the fetus
  • To dilate for birthing
  • To synthesize hormones

Which hormone is primarily responsible for maintaining pregnancy in the female reproductive system?

  • Oestrogen
  • Progesterone (correct)
  • Chorionic gonadotropin
  • Androgen

What is the name of the axis that regulates the reproductive system in both males and females?

  • Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Pancreatic Axis
  • Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis (correct)
  • Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis
  • Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis

What is the main source of chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)?

<p>Placental chorion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cervix in the female reproductive system?

<p>To dilate for birthing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a steroid hormone involved in the reproductive system?

<p>Chorionic gonadotropin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of GnRH agonist in IVF treatment?

<p>To shut off gonadotropin secretion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical duration of FSH injection in IVF treatment?

<p>10 days (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of osteoporosis in menopausal women?

<p>↓ circulating oestrogen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of tibolone tablets in HRT?

<p>Can be used continuously without cyclical progesterone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the adverse effect of unopposed oestrogen in HRT?

<p>↑ Risk of endometrial cancer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does progesterone reduce the risk of cancer in HRT?

<p>It counteracts the oestrogenic effect on the endometrium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of DHT in target cells?

<p>Inducing gene expression to stimulate proliferation and inhibit apoptosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a metabolic effect of androgens?

<p>Stimulating spermatogenesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the enzyme responsible for converting testosterone to DHT in peripheral tissues?

<p>5α-reductase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main source of circulating testosterone?

<p>Gonads (ovaries, testes, adrenal cortex) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of high levels of testosterone on libido?

<p>Stimulates libido (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate effect of androgens on epiphyseal plates?

<p>Fusion of epiphyseal plates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of very obese men converting their testosterone to oestrogen?

<p>Feminizing effects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Inhibin in the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Testicular axis?

<p>Inhibits FSH release (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of 3° hypogonadism?

<p>Hypothalamic failure to secrete GnRH (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical karyotype of Klinefelter's syndrome?

<p>XXY (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of androgen insensitivity or resistance?

<p>Partial or complete inability of cells to respond to androgens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate frequency of androgen insensitivity or resistance in XY births?

<p>1 in 20,000 to 64,000 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for abusing tetrahydrogestrinone, stanozolol, and nandrolone?

<p>To improve muscle mass and endurance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Abiraterone acetate?

<p>Inhibiting the biosynthesis of androgens (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a side effect of using Finasteride?

<p>Hair re-growth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between Finasteride and Dutasteride?

<p>Finasteride is a type II inhibitor, while Dutasteride is a type I and II inhibitor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of 5α-reductase inhibitors on hair follicles?

<p>Decrease the proportion of DHT (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of Anastrozole?

<p>Treating breast cancer in postmenopausal women (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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