40 Questions
What is the role of the endocrine system in maintaining homeostasis?
By slowly acting through hormones to regulate physiological functions
Which category do amines, peptides, and proteins belong to in the classification of hormones?
Amino acids
How do lipid soluble hormones travel through the cardiovascular system?
Wrapped around lipoproteins for transport
What is the function of the paracrine system in cellular communication?
Affecting other nearby cells by secreting chemicals
What hormone stimulates blood cell production in the bone marrow?
Erythropoietin
Which hormone inhibits calcitriol?
Osteocalcin
What does adipose tissue produce to regulate bone metabolism?
Leptin
Which hormone is an intermediate stimulus to help bone growth?
Insulin like growth factor
Which type of hormone travels to a hormone receptor in the cell to cause a change?
Lipid soluble hormones
What is the most used second messenger for carrying the message of amino acid hormones?
Cyclic adenosine phosphate (cAMP)
What does phosphorylate mean?
To add a phosphate group to
Which gland is known as the command center for the endocrine system?
Hypothalamus
Which hormone is secreted by the posterior pituitary during a positive feedback loop associated with childbirth?
Oxytocin
Which hormone causes the kidneys to reabsorb more water?
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Which hormone promotes protein synthesis and tissue building?
Growth hormone (GH)
Which hormone regulates thyroid activity?
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
What happens when cells decrease the number of receptors due to lots of stimulation?
Downregulation
What happens in upregulation?
Target cell receptors increase and become more sensitive to a hormone or drug
What is the permissive effect in the endocrine system?
A hormone enables another hormone to act
What is the synergistic effect in the endocrine system?
Two hormones with similar effects amplify the total effect
What hormone is responsible for increasing blood glucose levels through glycogenolysis?
Glucagon
Which hormone inhibits the release of insulin and glucagon?
Somatostatin
What hormone is produced in response to atrial stretch and inhibits renin secretion and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system?
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
Which hormone pathway leads to aldosterone production to keep blood volume high?
Renin and calcitriol
What hormone is responsible for stimulating the release of bicarbonate to buffer acidic chyme and inhibits hydrochloric acid production?
Secretin
Which gland is both endocrine and exocrine, producing hormones like insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin?
Pancreas
What process involves breaking down stored triglycerides into free fatty acids or glycerol?
Lipolysis
Which organ does NOT have receptors for insulin?
Small intestines
What hormone is produced by the placenta to protect the fetus from immune rejection?
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
What hormone plays a role in appetite and pancreas secretions?
Pancreatic polypeptide hormone
What hormone is responsible for decreasing blood glucose levels by getting glucose into cells that need energy?
Insulin
Which hormone stimulates the development of mammary glands in pregnant women?
Prolactin
What restricts prolactin if a woman is not pregnant?
Prolactin-inhibiting hormone (PIH)
Which hormone stimulates melanin formation in response to UV light?
Melanin-releasing hormone (MRH)
What stimulates the secretion of tryiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) into the bloodstream?
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
What does thyroid hormone (TH) work on?
Negative feedback loop
Which gland releases a hormone that decreases blood calcium levels?
Parathyroid gland
What is the most common hormone produced by the adrenal cortex?
Aldosterone
Which gland is found superior to the kidneys?
Adrenal gland
What disease is caused by too much cortisol production from the adrenal glands?
Cushing's disease
Test your knowledge of the hormones involved in controlling reproductive activity and lactation in women, including gonadotropins, prolactin, and other hormones produced by the pituitary gland.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
