Endocrine System: Female Reproductive Hormones

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

What is the role of the endocrine system in maintaining homeostasis?

By secreting hormones rapidly to respond to changes in the environment

By controlling reproduction through the release of specific hormones

By directly stimulating the nervous system to initiate homeostatic responses

By slowly acting through hormones to regulate physiological functions (correct)

Which category do amines, peptides, and proteins belong to in the classification of hormones?

Lipids

Amino acids (correct)

Carbohydrates

Nucleic acids

How do lipid soluble hormones travel through the cardiovascular system?

In free form without any assistance

Interacting with red blood cells for circulation

Bound to glucose molecules for stability

Wrapped around lipoproteins for transport (correct)

What is the function of the paracrine system in cellular communication?

Affecting other nearby cells by secreting chemicals Signup and view all the answers

What hormone stimulates blood cell production in the bone marrow?

Erythropoietin Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone inhibits calcitriol?

Osteocalcin Signup and view all the answers

What does adipose tissue produce to regulate bone metabolism?

Leptin Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is an intermediate stimulus to help bone growth?

Insulin like growth factor Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hormone travels to a hormone receptor in the cell to cause a change?

Lipid soluble hormones Signup and view all the answers

What is the most used second messenger for carrying the message of amino acid hormones?

Cyclic adenosine phosphate (cAMP) Signup and view all the answers

What does phosphorylate mean?

To add a phosphate group to Signup and view all the answers

Which gland is known as the command center for the endocrine system?

Hypothalamus Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is secreted by the posterior pituitary during a positive feedback loop associated with childbirth?

Oxytocin Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone causes the kidneys to reabsorb more water?

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone promotes protein synthesis and tissue building?

Growth hormone (GH) Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone regulates thyroid activity?

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when cells decrease the number of receptors due to lots of stimulation?

Downregulation Signup and view all the answers

What happens in upregulation?

Target cell receptors increase and become more sensitive to a hormone or drug Signup and view all the answers

What is the permissive effect in the endocrine system?

A hormone enables another hormone to act Signup and view all the answers

What is the synergistic effect in the endocrine system?

Two hormones with similar effects amplify the total effect Signup and view all the answers

What hormone is responsible for increasing blood glucose levels through glycogenolysis?

Glucagon Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone inhibits the release of insulin and glucagon?

Somatostatin Signup and view all the answers

What hormone is produced in response to atrial stretch and inhibits renin secretion and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system?

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone pathway leads to aldosterone production to keep blood volume high?

Renin and calcitriol Signup and view all the answers

What hormone is responsible for stimulating the release of bicarbonate to buffer acidic chyme and inhibits hydrochloric acid production?

Secretin Signup and view all the answers

Which gland is both endocrine and exocrine, producing hormones like insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin?

Pancreas Signup and view all the answers

What process involves breaking down stored triglycerides into free fatty acids or glycerol?

Lipolysis Signup and view all the answers

Which organ does NOT have receptors for insulin?

Small intestines Signup and view all the answers

What hormone is produced by the placenta to protect the fetus from immune rejection?

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) Signup and view all the answers

What hormone plays a role in appetite and pancreas secretions?

Pancreatic polypeptide hormone Signup and view all the answers

What hormone is responsible for decreasing blood glucose levels by getting glucose into cells that need energy?

Insulin Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone stimulates the development of mammary glands in pregnant women?

Prolactin Signup and view all the answers

What restricts prolactin if a woman is not pregnant?

Prolactin-inhibiting hormone (PIH) Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone stimulates melanin formation in response to UV light?

Melanin-releasing hormone (MRH) Signup and view all the answers