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Endocrine System histo
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Endocrine System histo

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@RadiantHyena

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Questions and Answers

Which part of the pituitary gland originates from nervous tissue?

  • Neurohypophysis (correct)
  • Pars tuberalis
  • Pars distalis
  • Pars intermediate

    • What is stored in the secretory granules of chromaffin cells?

  • Hormones (correct)
  • Minerals
  • Enzymes
  • Vitamins

    • From which part of the pituitary gland do the unmyelinated axons of neurosecretory cells originate?

  • Pars nervosa (correct)
  • Pars intermediate
  • Pars distalis
  • Adenohypophysis

    • Which gland is connected to the hypothalamus at the base of the brain?

    <p>Pituitary gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    From which type of tissue does the adenohypophysis originate?

    <p>Oral ectoderm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of PTH in case of calcium deficiency?

    <p>Increases calcium in blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the adrenal glands located?

    <p>Anterior upper pole of the kidney</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the adrenal cortex secretes corticosteroids?

    <p>Zona fasciculata</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the adrenal medulla?

    <p>Increases heart rate and blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the adrenal cortex lies just beneath the capsule?

    <p>Zona glomerulosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells are present in the adrenal medulla?

    <p>Secretory cells polyhydral in shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the pineal body located?

    <p>Middle of the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the adrenal cortex secretes mineral corticoids like Aldosterone?

    <p>Zona Glomerulosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone do the chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla secrete?

    <p>Epinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do parafollicular cells in the thyroid gland secrete?

    <p>Calcitonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of parathyroid hormone on calcium levels in the body?

    <p>Decrease calcium levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of parafollicular cells in the thyroid gland?

    <p>Secrete calcitonin to lower blood calcium levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone controls the secretion of the thyroid gland?

    <p>Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of thyroglobulin in the thyroid gland?

    <p>React with iodine to form T4 and T3 hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells are responsible for secreting parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

    <p>Chief cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What negative feedback loop exists between the thyroid gland and the pituitary gland?

    <p>T4 and T3 hormones inhibit the secretion of TSH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the parathyroid glands located in relation to the thyroid gland?

    <p>Behind each lobe of the thyroid gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells can be found in the posterior pituitary?

    <p>Pituicytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the pituitary gland surrounds the infundibulum and secretes FSH and LH hormones?

    <p>Pars tuberalis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell type in the pituitary gland secretes thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)?

    <p>Basophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for coordinating growth in humans?

    <p>HGH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone does the hypothalamus secrete to cause the pituitary to stop releasing growth hormone?

    <p>Somatostatin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the pituitary gland makes up the greater part and contains secretory cells that can be differentiated into acidophils and basophils?

    <p>Adenohypophysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Steroids can pass through the cell membrane and affect the DNA of the cell.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Peptides are the minority of hormones that affect the cell membrane directly.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Endocrine glands can only be completely separate from exocrine glands.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The thyroid gland is located at the back of the larynx and trachea.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The endocrine system only consists of one type of receptor: Membranous.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hormones work independently of the nervous system and do not control physiological activities.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Chromaffin cells secrete 'catecholamine' which is stored in the nucleus.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pituitary gland consists of Adenohypophysis and Neurohypophysis.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The adenohypophysis of the pituitary gland has four regions: Pars distalis, Pars intermedia, Pars tuberalis, and Pars nervosa.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The neurohypophysis of the pituitary gland contains secretory cells.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The bodies of neurosecretory cells in the pituitary gland are found in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Parafollicular cells in the thyroid gland secrete thyroglobulin.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    T4 and T3 are secreted into the blood from the lumen of the thyroid follicles.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pituitary gland controls thyroid secretion through thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH).

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The parathyroid glands secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH) to lower blood calcium levels.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Calcitonin is synthesized and secreted by oxyphil cells in the parathyroid glands.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The thyroid gland is covered by a connective tissue capsule.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The adenohypophysis secretes FSH and LH hormones.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Somatotropes secrete prolactin which stimulates milk secretion from mammary gland.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Chromophobe cells in the pituitary gland stain darkly.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Thyrotropes secrete thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH).

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The hypothalamus secretes a hormone called somatostatin that stimulates the release of growth hormone.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pars distalis makes up the greater part of the pituitary gland.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pineal body secretes a hormone called insulin.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The adrenal cortex consists of 2 layers: Zona Glomerulosa and Zona Reticularis.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Calcitonin secreted by the para follicular cells stimulates osteoclast activity.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Parathyroid hormone stimulates osteoclasts to degrade bone and raise blood Ca+2 levels.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The adrenal medulla secrets epinephrine (80%) and norepinephrine (20%).

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the pineal body located?

    <p>In the middle of the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the adrenal cortex secretes mineral corticoids like Aldosterone?

    <p>Zona Glomerulosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the adrenal medulla?

    <p>Secretion of Epinephrine and Norepinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone is secreted by parafollicular cells in the thyroid gland?

    <p>Calcitonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the adrenal cortex secretes gonadocorticoids?

    <p>Zona Reticularis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the parathyroid hormone stimulate in relation to bone health?

    <p>Stimulate osteoclast activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is produced by para follicular cells in the thyroid gland?

    <p>Calcitonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the adrenal cortex secretes glucocorticoids like cortisol?

    <p>Zona Fasciculata</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of parafollicular cells in the thyroid gland?

    <p>Secrete calcitonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gland secretes melatonin to help regulate the sleep cycle?

    <p>Pineal body</p> Signup and view all the answers

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