Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which hormone is predominantly focused on in this chapter?
Which hormone is predominantly focused on in this chapter?
Which type of pituitary cells secrete prolactin?
Which type of pituitary cells secrete prolactin?
Which hormones are secreted by thyrotropes in the anterior pituitary?
Which hormones are secreted by thyrotropes in the anterior pituitary?
Which of the following hormones acts on the breast?
Which of the following hormones acts on the breast?
Signup and view all the answers
Where are oxytocin and vasopressin stored in the body?
Where are oxytocin and vasopressin stored in the body?
Signup and view all the answers
Which hormones are predominantly discussed as tropic hormones in the text?
Which hormones are predominantly discussed as tropic hormones in the text?
Signup and view all the answers
What regulates skin pigmentation among other functions?
What regulates skin pigmentation among other functions?
Signup and view all the answers
What percentage of the circulating pool of growth hormone activity is in bound form?
What percentage of the circulating pool of growth hormone activity is in bound form?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the normal basal plasma growth hormone level measured in adult humans?
What is the normal basal plasma growth hormone level measured in adult humans?
Signup and view all the answers
Where are hGH-V and hCS primarily produced?
Where are hGH-V and hCS primarily produced?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the half-life of circulating growth hormone in humans?
What is the half-life of circulating growth hormone in humans?
Signup and view all the answers
What are somatomedins?
What are somatomedins?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary circulating somatomedin in humans?
What is the primary circulating somatomedin in humans?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a challenge in the surgical removal of pituitary tumors?
What is a challenge in the surgical removal of pituitary tumors?
Signup and view all the answers
Which factor was initially called sulfation factor because it stimulated sulfate incorporation into cartilage?
Which factor was initially called sulfation factor because it stimulated sulfate incorporation into cartilage?
Signup and view all the answers
Where does the pituitary gland lie?
Where does the pituitary gland lie?
Signup and view all the answers
Which hormones are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland?
Which hormones are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main function of the portal hypophysial vessels?
What is the main function of the portal hypophysial vessels?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the role of gigantism and acromegaly in relation to growth hormone?
What is the role of gigantism and acromegaly in relation to growth hormone?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of pituitary cell secretes the hormone ACTH?
Which type of pituitary cell secretes the hormone ACTH?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the approximate percentage of total secretory cells that are somatotropes in the human anterior pituitary gland?
What is the approximate percentage of total secretory cells that are somatotropes in the human anterior pituitary gland?
Signup and view all the answers
Which gene codes for the most abundant form of growth hormone?
Which gene codes for the most abundant form of growth hormone?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a notable feature of the growth hormone secreted by the pituitary gland according to the text?
What is a notable feature of the growth hormone secreted by the pituitary gland according to the text?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the characteristic features of acromegaly after linear growth is no longer possible?
What are the characteristic features of acromegaly after linear growth is no longer possible?
Signup and view all the answers
What percentage of patients with acromegaly experience hypersecretion of both growth hormone and prolactin?
What percentage of patients with acromegaly experience hypersecretion of both growth hormone and prolactin?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of tumors can cause acromegaly besides pituitary tumors?
Which type of tumors can cause acromegaly besides pituitary tumors?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of the anterior pituitary in humans?
What is the primary function of the anterior pituitary in humans?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the mainstay of therapy for acromegaly?
What is the mainstay of therapy for acromegaly?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the role of corticotropes in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland?
What is the role of corticotropes in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland?
Signup and view all the answers
Which hormone is responsible for activating growth and influencing metabolism in response to stressful conditions?
Which hormone is responsible for activating growth and influencing metabolism in response to stressful conditions?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the relationship between growth hormone, IGF-I, and other hormones in influencing growth?
What is the relationship between growth hormone, IGF-I, and other hormones in influencing growth?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary role of the intermediate lobe in lower vertebrates, as mentioned in the text?
What is the primary role of the intermediate lobe in lower vertebrates, as mentioned in the text?
Signup and view all the answers
Which hormone is synthesized by corticotropes of the anterior lobe and has a critical role in controlling skin pigmentation in mammals?
Which hormone is synthesized by corticotropes of the anterior lobe and has a critical role in controlling skin pigmentation in mammals?
Signup and view all the answers
In response to what factors is growth hormone secreted in an episodic manner as mentioned in the text?
In response to what factors is growth hormone secreted in an episodic manner as mentioned in the text?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of growth hormone as discussed in the text?
What is the primary function of growth hormone as discussed in the text?
Signup and view all the answers
Which hormone can stimulate the production of IGF-I and is responsible for activating growth according to the text?
Which hormone can stimulate the production of IGF-I and is responsible for activating growth according to the text?
Signup and view all the answers
The pituitary gland is located in a pocket of the temporal bone at the base of the brain.
The pituitary gland is located in a pocket of the temporal bone at the base of the brain.
Signup and view all the answers
The anterior pituitary receives its blood supply from the portal hypophysial vessels that pass initially through the hypothalamus.
The anterior pituitary receives its blood supply from the portal hypophysial vessels that pass initially through the hypothalamus.
Signup and view all the answers
The anterior pituitary secretes hormones like TSH, ACTH, LH, FSH, prolactin, and insulin.
The anterior pituitary secretes hormones like TSH, ACTH, LH, FSH, prolactin, and insulin.
Signup and view all the answers
Gigantism and acromegaly are two conditions caused by underproduction of growth hormone.
Gigantism and acromegaly are two conditions caused by underproduction of growth hormone.
Signup and view all the answers
Somatotropes in the human anterior pituitary gland secrete growth hormone and make up 50% of the total secretory cells.
Somatotropes in the human anterior pituitary gland secrete growth hormone and make up 50% of the total secretory cells.
Signup and view all the answers
Prolactin is predominantly secreted by thyrotropes in the anterior pituitary gland.
Prolactin is predominantly secreted by thyrotropes in the anterior pituitary gland.
Signup and view all the answers
Gonadotropes in the pituitary gland secrete LH, FSH, and TSH hormones.
Gonadotropes in the pituitary gland secrete LH, FSH, and TSH hormones.
Signup and view all the answers
The variant form of growth hormone is coded by the gene hGH-N on human chromosome 17.
The variant form of growth hormone is coded by the gene hGH-N on human chromosome 17.
Signup and view all the answers
Growth hormone receptor is a 620-amino-acid protein with a small extracellular portion.
Growth hormone receptor is a 620-amino-acid protein with a small extracellular portion.
Signup and view all the answers
Dimerization of growth hormone receptor is not necessary for receptor activation.
Dimerization of growth hormone receptor is not necessary for receptor activation.
Signup and view all the answers
Somatomedins are polypeptide growth factors secreted by the pancreas.
Somatomedins are polypeptide growth factors secreted by the pancreas.
Signup and view all the answers
JAK2 is a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase member of the Janus family.
JAK2 is a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase member of the Janus family.
Signup and view all the answers
IGF-I and IGF-II are closely related to glucagon.
IGF-I and IGF-II are closely related to glucagon.
Signup and view all the answers
STATs migrate to the cytoplasm upon phosphorylation by JAK kinases.
STATs migrate to the cytoplasm upon phosphorylation by JAK kinases.
Signup and view all the answers
Relaxin is not considered a member of the family of somatomedins.
Relaxin is not considered a member of the family of somatomedins.
Signup and view all the answers
The hormone that was initially called sulfation factor is primarily involved in stimulating collagen formation.
The hormone that was initially called sulfation factor is primarily involved in stimulating collagen formation.
Signup and view all the answers
