Endocrine Medications: Desmopressin Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is Desmopressin?

Desmopressin (D AVP, Stimate) is an antidiuretic hormone replacement and a vasopressin analog.

What are the actions and uses of Desmopressin?

It is a synthetic analog of human ADH that controls acute symptoms of diabetes insipidus.

What is the preferred route of administration for Desmopressin?

By mouth (oral administration) is preferred.

What is the duration of action for Desmopressin?

20 hours Signup and view all the answers

How is Desmopressin administered IV for diabetes insipidus?

Administer undiluted over 1 minute, with a dosage checked by two nurses. Signup and view all the answers

What is the restriction following a Desmopressin IV injection?

Fluids should be restricted and monitored. Signup and view all the answers

What drug can increase the antidiuretic action of Desmopressin?

NSAIDs Signup and view all the answers

Which drugs can decrease the antidiuretic action of Desmopressin?

Heparin, alcohol, lithium, epinephrine Signup and view all the answers

What are some adverse effects of Desmopressin that can be fatal?

Water intoxication, drowsiness, headache, listlessness, convulsions, coma Signup and view all the answers

What are other adverse effects of Desmopressin?

Transient headache, nausea, mild abdominal pain, facial flushing, hypertension, pain or swelling at the injection site Signup and view all the answers

What are some intranasal adverse effects of Desmopressin?

Congestion, rhinitis, epistaxis Signup and view all the answers

What is considered an overdose of Desmopressin?

Severe water intoxication Signup and view all the answers

What are the three most common causes of diabetes insipidus?

Brain tumor damaging the hypothalamus or pituitary gland, severe head injury damaging the hypothalamus or pituitary gland, complications during brain or pituitary surgery Signup and view all the answers

What develops as a result of low antidiuretic hormone?

Diabetes insipidus (DI) Signup and view all the answers

What is one common symptom of diabetes insipidus?

Hypotension Signup and view all the answers

What must a nurse watch for once diabetes insipidus has been corrected?

Hypertension Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Desmopressin Overview

Desmopressin (D AVP, Stimate) is an antidiuretic hormone replacement and a vasopressin analog.
It is a synthetic analog of human antidiuretic hormone (ADH) used to control acute symptoms of diabetes insipidus (DI).

Route of Administration

Desmopressin is primarily administered orally, but can also be given intravenously (IV) and via parental routes.

Duration of Action

The duration of action for Desmopressin is approximately 20 hours.

IV Administration Guidelines

When administered IV for DI, desmopressin should be given undiluted over a period of 1 minute.
Dosage must be verified by two nurses to ensure safety.

Post-Administration Monitoring

Following an IV injection of Desmopressin, fluids should be restricted and monitored to prevent complications.

Drug Interactions

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can enhance the antidiuretic action of Desmopressin.
Drugs that may reduce the antidiuretic effect include heparin, alcohol, lithium, and epinephrine.

Adverse Effects

Potentially fatal adverse effects include water intoxication, which can lead to drowsiness, headache, listlessness, convulsions, and coma.
Other adverse effects may be transient headache, nausea, mild abdominal pain, flushing, hypertension, and pain or swelling at the injection site.
Intranasal administration may cause congestion, rhinitis, and epistaxis (nosebleeds).

Overdose

Severe water intoxication is the primary concern in instances of Desmopressin overdose.

Causes of Diabetes Insipidus

Common causes of diabetes insipidus include brain tumors damaging the hypothalamus or pituitary gland, severe head injuries affecting these areas, and complications arising during brain or pituitary surgery.

Understanding Diabetes Insipidus

Diabetes insipidus occurs due to low levels of antidiuretic hormone, leading to massive urination (polyuria) and dehydration.
Hypotension may be a common symptom experienced by individuals with diabetes insipidus.

Post-Correction Monitoring

After correcting diabetes insipidus, it is important for nurses to monitor for potential hypertension.

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Description

Test your knowledge on Desmopressin, a vital antidiuretic hormone replacement medication. This flashcard quiz covers its therapeutic and pharmacologic classes, administration routes, and key actions and uses. Perfect for students in pharmacology or endocrinology fields.