Questions and Answers
What are the pharmacotherapeutics of desmopressin?
Manages central DI and nocturnal enuresis and maintains homeostasis in hemophilia A; for treatment of neurogenic diabetes insipidus.
What are the pharmacodynamics of desmopressin?
Interacts with V1 and V2 receptors; synthetic analogue of human ADH.
What are the contraindications of desmopressin?
Hypersensitivity; major contraindication: presence of Hemophilia A with factor VIII levels 5% or less.
What are the adverse effects of desmopressin?
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What drugs interact with desmopressin?
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What's the pregnancy category of desmopressin?
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For desmopressin, what should you consider about the patient's lifestyle, diet, and habits?
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How would you maximize therapeutic effects of desmopressin?
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How would you minimize therapeutic effects of desmopressin?
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How would you educate the patient and family about desmopressin?
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What are some nursing implications of desmopressin?
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Desmopressin is used to treat?
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Study Notes
Desmopressin Overview
- Manages Central Diabetes Insipidus (DI), nocturnal enuresis, and maintains hemostasis in hemophilia A.
- Synthetic analogue of human Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH), interacting with V1 and V2 receptors.
Pharmacodynamics
- Functions primarily through V1 and V2 receptor interaction.
- Essential in the treatment of neurogenic diabetes insipidus.
Contraindications
- Contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity.
- Presence of Hemophilia A with factor VIII levels ≤5% is a major contraindication.
Adverse Effects
- Common side effects include abdominal pain, headache, nasal congestion, nausea, rhinitis, and facial flushing.
- Notable localized erythema with intranasal administration and burning pain with parenteral injection.
- Special precautions for infants, children, and the elderly to avoid hyponatremia and water intoxication due to fluid intake restrictions.
Drug Interactions
- Significant interactions with carbamazepine, chlorpromazine, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
Pregnancy Category
- Classified as Category B, indicating no proven risk in human studies.
Patient Lifestyle Considerations
- Assess lifestyle activities and the use of recreational drugs that may affect treatment.
Maximizing Therapeutic Effects
- Establish baseline values for weight, blood pressure, electrolytes, and urine specific gravity.
- Protect desmopressin solutions from agitation and extreme temperatures, and refrigerate nasal and parenteral forms.
Minimizing Therapeutic Effects
- Monitor patients with preexisting cardiovascular or renal disorders for cardiac reactions.
- Regularly assess urine volume/osmolality and plasma osmolality to prevent hyponatremia.
Patient Education
- Inform patients about the importance of drug therapy and effects of alcohol on therapeutic response.
- Advise not to transfer remaining solution after 25 to 50 doses to another bottle to ensure accurate dosing.
Nursing Implications
- Instruct patients to monitor urine specific gravity and maintain a record of intake and output.
- Encourage daily weight monitoring to assess drug efficacy.
Conditions Treated by Desmopressin
- Central Diabetes Insipidus (DI).
- Primary nocturnal enuresis.
- Hemophilia A.
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Description
Test your knowledge of desmopressin's pharmacotherapeutics, pharmacodynamics, and contraindications. This quiz covers essential information needed for medication management and understanding its clinical applications. Perfect for students and healthcare professionals alike.
