Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a primary clinical manifestation of Addison's disease?
Which of the following is a primary clinical manifestation of Addison's disease?
- Weight gain
- Skin hyperpigmentation (correct)
- Hypertension
- Increased energy levels
Following a hypophysectomy, a patient exhibits low blood pressure. This could indicate the development of which endocrine disorder?
Following a hypophysectomy, a patient exhibits low blood pressure. This could indicate the development of which endocrine disorder?
- Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)
- Diabetes insipidus (correct)
- Diabetes mellitus
- Acromegaly
A patient with a blood glucose level of 35 mg/dL is likely to experience which of the following?
A patient with a blood glucose level of 35 mg/dL is likely to experience which of the following?
- Neurological damage (correct)
- Increased insulin sensitivity
- Decreased risk of seizures
- Improved cognitive function
Elevated serum osmolarity is most likely to be observed in a patient experiencing:
Elevated serum osmolarity is most likely to be observed in a patient experiencing:
What is the primary reason for teaching self-examination to a patient who has undergone treatment for testicular cancer?
What is the primary reason for teaching self-examination to a patient who has undergone treatment for testicular cancer?
Which of the following is a non-pharmaceutical intervention commonly recommended for managing type 2 diabetes?
Which of the following is a non-pharmaceutical intervention commonly recommended for managing type 2 diabetes?
A patient presents with a deeply voice and coarsened facial features. This assessment finding is most consistent with:
A patient presents with a deeply voice and coarsened facial features. This assessment finding is most consistent with:
Desmopressin (DDAVP) is prescribed for patients with diabetes insipidus to:
Desmopressin (DDAVP) is prescribed for patients with diabetes insipidus to:
A patient who underwent surgery is at risk for adrenal insufficiency. Which of the following physiological responses would the nurse be most prepared to address during the immediate postoperative period?
A patient who underwent surgery is at risk for adrenal insufficiency. Which of the following physiological responses would the nurse be most prepared to address during the immediate postoperative period?
A patient presents with muscle weakness, thin skin, hyperglycemia, and mood disturbances. Further investigation reveals elevated levels of cortisol. Which of the following cascade of events BEST describes the underlying pathophysiology contributing to the findings?
A patient presents with muscle weakness, thin skin, hyperglycemia, and mood disturbances. Further investigation reveals elevated levels of cortisol. Which of the following cascade of events BEST describes the underlying pathophysiology contributing to the findings?
Flashcards
Addison's Disease: Primary Features
Addison's Disease: Primary Features
Progressive weakness, fatigue, weight loss, anorexia, skin hyperpigmentation, orthostatic hypotension, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, irritability, and depression.
Hypophysectomy
Hypophysectomy
Surgical removal of the pituitary gland.
Diabetes Insipidus
Diabetes Insipidus
A condition caused by a deficiency of ADH, leading to excessive fluid loss and low blood pressure.
Hypoglycemia Management
Hypoglycemia Management
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A1C Test
A1C Test
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Testicular Cancer Management
Testicular Cancer Management
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Diabetes: Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions
Diabetes: Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions
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Acromegaly Assessment Finding
Acromegaly Assessment Finding
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Desmopressin (DDAVP)
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
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Cushing's Syndrome: Clinical Manifestations
Cushing's Syndrome: Clinical Manifestations
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Study Notes
Addison's Disease: Primary Features
- Progressive weakness and fatigue are common symptoms.
- Weight loss and anorexia can occur.
- Skin hyperpigmentation is a key indicator.
- Orthostatic hypotension and low blood pressure are typical.
- Patients may experience hyponatremia and hyperkalemia.
- Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are possible gastrointestinal symptoms.
- Irritability and depression can manifest.
Hypophysectomy
- Hypophysectomy involves the removal of the pituitary gland.
- Low blood pressure can result post-procedure.
- Diabetes insipidus may develop, leading to fluid deficits and loss.
Hypoglycemia Management
- Manage with 5% dextrose and glucagon.
- Blood glucose levels of 30-38 mg/dL can cause neurological damage.
Diabetes Management
- Check patient medication compliance with A1C tests.
- Non-pharmaceutical interventions include diet and exercise.
- Diabetes insipidus and diabetes mellitus are distinct, unrelated conditions.
Hyperosmolarity
- High serum osmolarity is seen in DKA due to high dehydration rates.
Testicular Cancer
- Treatment includes radiation, chemotherapy, and surgery.
- Teach self-examination for early detection
- Treatments can impair sperm production.
Diabetes, Type 2
- Focus on long-term complication management.
Adrenal Deficiency
- Treatment involves restoring circulation and managing fluids.
- Risk exists post-surgery.
SIADH
- Characterized by low serum osmolarity.
- Fatigue is a common symptom.
Hypertension
- High blood pressure warrants further testing and diagnosis.
Acromegaly Assessment
- Notable signs include a deepened voice due to growth hormone overproduction.
Diabetes Insipidus Diagnosis and Treatment
- Use water deprivation tests for diagnosis.
- Desmopressin (DDAVP) is used for ADH hormone replacement.
Cushing's Syndrome: Clinical Manifestations
- Protein wasting occurs due to cortisol's catabolic effects, leading to weakness, especially in the extremities.
- Protein loss in bones can result in osteoporosis and back pain.
- Collagen loss delays wound healing.
- Mood disturbances, insomnia, irrationality, and psychosis can occur.
- Mineralocorticoid excess may cause hypertension due to fluid retention.
- Adrenal androgen excess may cause acne and virilization in women, or feminization in men.
- Purplish-red striae may appear on the abdomen, breasts, or buttocks.
- Women may experience menstrual disorders and hirsutism, while men may develop gynecomastia and impotence.
Adrenal Gland Disorders
- Adrenal gland hypofunction leads to Addison's syndrome.
- Adrenal gland hyperfunction leads to Cushing's syndrome.
Hyperosmolarity in HHNK
- Patients will experience high serum osmolarity and dehydration.
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Description
Overview of Addison's disease symptoms, hypophysectomy effects, hypoglycemia management with dextrose and glucagon, and diabetes management via A1C tests. High blood glucose can cause hyperosmolarity. Includes dietary and exercise interventions.
