Emulsification and HLB Calculations Quiz
66 Questions
2 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the required HLB for emulsifying soybean oil?

  • 8
  • 7 (correct)
  • 6
  • 9

    • What is the correct calculation for the required HLB of the oil phase in the lotion described?

  • 10.5
  • 9.9
  • 10.9 (correct)
  • 11.5

    • If the fraction of mineral oil in the oil phase is 0.86, what is the contribution of mineral oil to the required HLB calculation?

  • 8.5
  • 11.1
  • 9.03 (correct)
  • 10.5

    • What HLB value is assigned to Tween 40?

    <p>15.6 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the HLB value of glyceryl monostearate?

    <p>3.8 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of an oral pharmaceutical emulsion?

    <p>It is always o/w. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents a solid emulsion?

    <p>Ointment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of disperse systems, what type of dispersion medium is used in a solid foam?

    <p>Gas (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a liquid aerosol?

    <p>Fogs and mists (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following systems has a liquid dispersed phase and a solid dispersion medium?

    <p>Sol suspension (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key attribute of a surfactant solution in terms of foam formation?

    <p>It is capable of forming gas in liquid. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following examples pertains to a solid aerosol?

    <p>Smoke (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of disperse system would you find in a product like a lotion?

    <p>Liquid emulsion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must emulsifiers used in parenteral formulations ensure?

    <p>Are non-toxic and prevent embolism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average droplet size for emulsions used in topical applications?

    <p>1 µm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a group classified for emulsifier selection?

    <p>Synthetic polymers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is least important when formulating emulsions?

    <p>Personal preference of the formulator (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Gibbs free energy change related to in emulsion formation?

    <p>Surface area and surface tension (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is it crucial to sterilize emulsions?

    <p>For parenteral formulations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which oil property is NOT a consideration for emulsion formulation?

    <p>Taste and smell of the oil (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the possibility of collisions when surfactants are present?

    <p>It decreases due to reduced surface tension (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a hydrophilic colloid used as an emulsifier?

    <p>Methylcellulose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical requirement for topical emulsions compared to parenteral emulsions?

    <p>Droplet size is less critical (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the HLB system primarily help to select?

    <p>The appropriate emulsifier for stable emulsions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What HLB range is typically associated with oil-in-water (o/w) emulsifying agents?

    <p>8-18 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following surfactants has the highest HLB value?

    <p>Polysorbate 20 (Tween 20) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which HLB range is likely to be used for anti-foaming agents?

    <p>0-3 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the HLB system limited to non-ionic surfactants?

    <p>The size and strength balance is irrelevant for ionic surfactants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does RHLB stand for in the context of the HLB system?

    <p>Required Hydrophile-Lipophile Balance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which surfactant has an HLB value closest to 4.7?

    <p>Sorbitan monostearate (Span 60) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of agents fall under the HLB range of 7-9?

    <p>Wetting and spreading agents (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the HLB value of Tween 60?

    <p>14.9 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a fixed oil mentioned in the content?

    <p>Petroleum oil (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the calculated Required HLB of the oil phase in the lotion preparation?

    <p>10.9 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the required HLB for the oil phase is determined to be 11, what is the HLB range for the emulsifiers to be used?

    <p>10 to 12 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the HLB of Lanolin (Anhydrous) used in the oil phase?

    <p>10 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following emulsifiers should be blended to achieve a required HLB of 11, given their HLB values?

    <p>Tween 40 and Glyceryl Monostearate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the contribution of Mineral Oil to the required HLB calculation based on its fraction in the oil phase?

    <p>9.03 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of disperse system contains a liquid dispersed phase and a liquid dispersion medium?

    <p>Emulsion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a solid emulsion?

    <p>Ointment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disperse system is classified as having a gas dispersed phase and a solid dispersion medium?

    <p>Solid foam (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of pharmaceutical emulsions, what is the typical type for oral consumption?

    <p>o/w (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following examples would classify as a liquid aerosol?

    <p>Mists (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of disperse system utilizes a solid as the dispersed phase and a gas as the dispersion medium?

    <p>Solid aerosol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is unique to pharmaceutical emulsions intended for oral use?

    <p>They are always o/w emulsions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a solid dispersed phase in a liquid suspension?

    <p>Aluminium hydroxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of surfactants in emulsion formation?

    <p>To reduce interfacial tension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of parenteral emulsions compared to topical emulsions?

    <p>They must always be sterile (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following classified groups is NOT a type of emulsifier?

    <p>Hydrophobic agents (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the selection of emulsifiers very limited for parenteral formulations?

    <p>They must not cause toxicity or embolism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which droplet size is typical for emulsions used in topical applications?

    <p>1 µm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do emulsifying agents play in minimizing globule coalescence?

    <p>They reduce interfacial tension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common property that formulators must consider regarding oil phases in emulsions?

    <p>Oil must be non-toxic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to Gibbs free energy ($ΔG^*$) when surfactants are introduced at the oil-water interface?

    <p>$ΔG^*$ decreases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average droplet size maintained in parenteral emulsions?

    <p>0.2 µm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of emulsifier is methylcellulose classified under?

    <p>Hydrophilic colloids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the HLB system primarily measure in surfactant molecules?

    <p>The balance of hydrophilic and lipophilic properties (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following HLB ranges is typically associated with oil-in-water (o/w) emulsifying agents?

    <p>8-18 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do surfactants with an HLB of 15-20 play in formulations?

    <p>Solubilizers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Required HLB (RHLB) in emulsification?

    <p>It specifies the ideal HLB value for fats and oils. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances would have the lowest HLB value based on the chart provided?

    <p>Sorbitan trioleate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the HLB system, what is the primary function of emulsifiers with an HLB range of 3-6?

    <p>W/o emulsifying agents (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fixed oil is listed in the content as an example?

    <p>Olive oil (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following surfactants has an HLB value closest to 15?

    <p>Polysorbate 60 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the HLB system important for non-ionic surfactants specifically?

    <p>It helps in selecting stable emulsifiers. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an HLB value of 7-9 indicate about a surfactant's function?

    <p>Wetting and spreading agent (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Disperse System

    A system where one substance (dispersed phase) is evenly spread throughout another substance (continuous phase).

    Interface

    The boundary between two immiscible phases, like oil and water.

    Continuous Phase

    The substance that surrounds and disperses the dispersed phase.

    Dispersed Phase

    The substance that is dispersed throughout the continuous phase.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Suspension

    A mixture where tiny solid particles are spread throughout a liquid.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Emulsion

    A mixture of two immiscible liquids, where one is dispersed as tiny droplets in the other.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Pharmaceutical Emulsion (Oral)

    A type of emulsion specifically designed for oral use.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Oil/Supplement Emulsion

    A type of pharmaceutical emulsion used for nutrition or supplements.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Required HLB

    The HLB (Hydrophile-Lipophile Balance) value needed for an oil phase to form a stable emulsion. This value is specific to the oil phase composition and dictates the type and proportion of emulsifiers required.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    HLB System

    A system of assigning numbers to emulsifiers based on their hydrophilic and lipophilic tendencies. Higher HLB values indicate more hydrophilic (water-loving) emulsifiers, while lower values indicate more lipophilic (oil-loving) emulsifiers.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Fraction of Oil Phase

    The proportion of each component in the oil phase, expressed as a decimal. Calculated by dividing the weight of each component by the total weight of the oil phase.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Required HLB Calculation

    The calculation used to determine the ideal HLB value for an oil phase. It involves multiplying the HLB value of each component by its fraction in the oil phase and summing the results.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    HLB Blending

    A method used to blend emulsifiers with different HLB values to obtain a desired HLB value for a specific oil phase.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Oil-in-Water (O/W) Emulsion

    A type of emulsion where oil droplets are dispersed in water. This is the most common type in pharmaceuticals.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Water-in-Oil (W/O) Emulsion

    A type of emulsion where water droplets are dispersed in oil, less common in pharmaceuticals.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Gibbs Free Energy (ΔG*)

    The force that needs to be overcome to disperse the oil phase in the water phase.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Surfactants

    Substances that reduce the interfacial tension between oil and water, making the formation of an emulsion easier.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Globule Coalescence

    The tendency of droplets to merge together and form larger droplets, leading to emulsion instability.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Emulsion Destabilization

    Any change that causes an emulsion to lose its stability, like separation or change in droplet size.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Surface Active Agent

    A type of emulsifier that acts at the interface between oil and water, reducing tension.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Finely Divided Solids

    A type of emulsifier that forms a physical barrier between oil and water, stabilizing the emulsion.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Hydrophilic Colloids

    A type of emulsifier that 'coats' the droplets, preventing them from merging together.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    HLB Value

    A surfactant's hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value (HLB).

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Surfactant Action

    A surfactant's ability to reduce the surface tension between two immiscible liquids.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Required HLB (RHLB)

    The specific HLB value required for a particular oil or fat to form a stable emulsion.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Hydrophilic Surfactants

    Surfactants that primarily attract water molecules, typically with higher HLB values (greater than 9).

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Lipophilic Surfactants

    Surfactants that primarily attract oil molecules, typically with lower HLB values (less than 3).

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Tween 60

    Tween 60, a common emulsifier, has an HLB of 14.9.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Span 60

    Span 60, another common emulsifier, has an HLB of 4.7.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    HLB Values of Common Surfactants

    Tween 60 (HLB 14.9) is a powerful water-loving emulsifier, while Span 60 (HLB 4.7) is a powerful oil-loving emulsifier.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser