EMT Chapter 26-27 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What are the upper jaw bones called?

maxillae

What wound pattern is most consistent with a large entrance wound and multiple small puncture wounds?

shotgun

Which area of the body has the thinnest skin?

ears

The vitreous humor can be replaced if lost.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do after stabilizing a head injury with confusion and slurred speech?

<p>administer high-flow oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

Any full-thickness burn is severe in a 2-year-old child.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

A partial thickness burn involves the outer layer of skin and a portion of which layer?

<p>dermal layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

Entrance wounds from electrical burns are large compared to internal tissue damage.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to be descriptive with the hospital about a patient's facial injuries?

<p>they may need to call a specialist</p> Signup and view all the answers

An injury that separates various layers of soft tissue, resulting in complete detachment, is called a(n):

<p>avulsion</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if a patient's bandage is causing numbness and tingling?

<p>assess distal circulation and readjust the bandage</p> Signup and view all the answers

When a light is shone into the pupil, it should become larger in size.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process occurs during the inflammation phase of healing?

<p>The immune system releases histamines, causing vasodilation and increased capillary permeability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if a peanut is lodged in a child's ear?

<p>transport her to the emergency department</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do after a chemical splash in the eyes if sterile saline is not available?

<p>irrigate both eyes continuously for 20 minutes with plain water</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a closed soft-tissue injury characterized by swelling and ecchymosis called?

<p>contusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if an unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic person has been electrocuted?

<p>begin CPR and apply the AED</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition should you suspect if a patient has redness, inflammation, and pain to her left eye?

<p>conjunctivitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Known drug allergies are of least importance when assessing the severity of a burn.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition is most consistent with headaches and decreased ability to move the eyes following facial trauma?

<p>blowout fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a female who has facial swelling and dislodged teeth after a collision?

<p>fully immobilize her spine, attempt to locate the dislodged teeth, suction as needed, and transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is most pertinent to ask a patient with unequal pupils during assessment?

<p>if he has a history of eye surgeries</p> Signup and view all the answers

What layer of the skin forms a watertight, protective seal for the body?

<p>epidermis</p> Signup and view all the answers

In children, the legs are proportionately smaller than an adult's according to the pediatric rule of nines.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do when caring for a patient with a dry chemical on their arm?

<p>brush away the chemical before flushing with water</p> Signup and view all the answers

The anterior trunk of an adult is equal to 18% of the body surface area (BSA) according to the rule of nines.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

If your patient swallows blood following facial trauma, there is an increased risk of ________.

<p>vomiting</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you be cautious of in significant trauma to the face?

<p>spinal column injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

Circumferential partial-thickness burn to the chest is not considered severe in a 35-year-old patient.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Patients with full-thickness (third-degree) burns generally complain of pain.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is most important when assessing a patient with a closed soft-tissue injury?

<p>remain alert for more severe underlying injuries</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a burn characterized by redness and pain classified as?

<p>superficial burn</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the MOST significant complication associated with facial injuries?

<p>airway compromise</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a patient with an open chest wound found while applying oxygen?

<p>apply an occlusive dressing to the wound and continue your assessment</p> Signup and view all the answers

All body structures are lined with mucous membranes.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action should you take upon approaching a young male with signs of trauma?

<p>open his airway and assess his breathing status</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should you care for an abdominal evisceration wound?

<p>Cover it with moist, sterile gauze and secure with an occlusive dressing</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be the EMT's immediate priority when caring for a patient with an open facial injury?

<p>wear gloves and facial protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a laceration?

<p>a jagged cut caused by a sharp object or blunt force trauma</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which patient should you remove an impaled object?

<p>a pulseless and apneic patient with a knife impaled in the back</p> Signup and view all the answers

Partial-thickness burn to 20% of the BSA is not considered severe in a 65-year-old patient.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which open soft-tissue injury is limited to the superficial layer of the skin and results in the least amount of blood loss?

<p>abrasion</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most life-threatening complication associated with an open neck injury?

<p>an air embolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do after controlling bleeding from an incomplete avulsion?

<p>replace the avulsed flap to its original position and cover it with a sterile dressing</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where can the superficial temporal artery be palpated?

<p>just anterior to the tragus</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pediatric patients are generally at less risk from burns than adults.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should bleeding from soft-tissue injuries to the face be controlled?

<p>direct pressure using dry, sterile dressings</p> Signup and view all the answers

The dermis contains hair follicles, sweat glands, and nerve endings.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Compromised arterial blood flow leads to crush syndrome if a body part is trapped for longer than 4 hours.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the sebaceous glands produce?

<p>sebum, a material that waterproofs the skin and keeps it supple</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done for a child bitten by a stray dog with a large laceration?

<p>report the incident to the appropriate authorities</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the rule of nines, a patient with burns on the anterior aspect of both arms and anterior chest covers _____ of his BSA.

<p>18%</p> Signup and view all the answers

When a person is exposed to a cold environment, peripheral vessels constrict and divert blood away from the skin.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do when a utility worker is electrocuted and lying unconscious on the ground?

<p>rapidly assess the patient after ensuring that the power line is not live</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might bleeding occur from even a minor injury during the normal wound healing process?

<p>new capillaries from intact capillaries are delicate and take time to stabilize</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Adam's apple?

<p>the upper part of the larynx that is formed by the thyroid cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

Anterior nose bleeds usually originate from the septum area and bleed slowly.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you assess for during a full body scan?

<p>DCAP-BTLS</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the risk for a patient with little injuries who refuses EMS care after a fight?

<p>the 39-year-old female is at high risk for infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

What intervention is most likely to improve the survival chance of a child with a throat injury?

<p>rapidly transporting her to the hospital</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Anatomy and Physiology

  • Maxillae: The upper jaw bones in the human skull.
  • Ears: The area of the body with the thinnest skin, making it more susceptible to injuries.
  • Vitreous Humor: Clear, jellylike fluid in the back of the eye; irreplaceable if lost.
  • Epidermis: The skin layer that creates a watertight, protective seal for the body.

Trauma and Injury Types

  • Shotgun Wound Patterns: Characterized by a large entrance wound and multiple small puncture wounds, typical in gunshot trauma.
  • Avulsion: An injury that results in the complete detachment or flap of skin.
  • Contusion: A closed soft-tissue injury marked by swelling and bruising.
  • Partial Thickness Burn: Involves the outer layer of skin and part of the dermal layer.
  • Electrical Burns: Often show small entrance wounds relative to significant internal damage.

Patient Assessment and Management

  • Facial Injuries: Important to provide detailed descriptions to hospitals for potential specialist evaluation.
  • Distal Circulation Assessment: Necessary when a bandage causes numbness or tingling, indicating possible circulation compromise.
  • Superficial Burns: Characterized by redness and pain, affecting only the outer skin layer.
  • Conjunctivitis: Suspected with symptoms of redness and difficulty keeping eyes open.

Emergency Protocols

  • Airway Management: Essential in cases of facial trauma to prevent airway compromise.
  • Use of Occlusive Dressing: Required when encountering open chest wounds to prevent air from entering the wound.
  • Irrigation of Chemical Burns: For chemical splashes on the eyes, irrigate continuously with water for 20 minutes if sterile saline is unavailable.

Pediatric Considerations

  • Burn Severity in Children: Children are at greater risk for serious burns due to their larger body surface area relative to mass.
  • Pediatric Rule of Nines: Indicates that legs are proportionately smaller than adults', affecting burn assessments.

Complications and Risks

  • Facial Trauma Risks: Increased suspicion for spinal column injuries due to the nature of trauma.
  • Air Embolism: A leading risk associated with open neck injuries, requiring vigilant management.
  • Vomiting Risk: Elevated in patients who have swallowed blood following facial trauma.

Wound Healing and Infections

  • Capillary Fragility: New capillaries from healing tissues are delicate, leading to possible bleeding from even minor injuries.
  • Infection Risk: Patients with minor lacerations, such as a knuckle injury, are at higher risk for infections.

General Emergency Information

  • CPR and AED Use: Immediate application is critical for patients who are unresponsive, pulseless, or apneic due to electrocution.
  • Full Body Scan Consideration: Utilize DCAP-BTLS as an assessment acronym to identify potential injuries.

Additional Notes

  • Adam's Apple: Refers to the prominent upper part of the larynx formed by the thyroid cartilage.
  • Crackling Sensation: Indicates subcutaneous emphysema, requiring immediate attention and rapid transport to a hospital for serious injuries.

These key points cover anatomical terms, mechanisms of injury, assessment techniques, pediatric considerations, and emergency intervention strategies that are crucial for effective patient care in emergency medical situations.

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Description

Test your knowledge on important concepts from EMT Chapters 26 and 27. This quiz covers key terms and assessments relevant to emergency medical technicians, including anatomy and wound patterns. Challenge yourself and solidify your understanding of essential EMT material!

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