Questions and Answers
Anaphylaxis typically involves which of the following?
Epinephrine works rapidly to do which of the following?
Why should you not use tweezers or forceps to remove an embedded stinger?
What is the appropriate dose of epinephrine for a child with a nut allergy?
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When does an allergic reaction typically proceed to life-threatening anaphylaxis?
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What is the goal of invaders such as bacteria and viruses?
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Sign and symptoms of an animal or insect bite or sting include localized heat and a wheal, which appears as what?
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Care for a victim of an immunologic emergency who is severely hypotensive should include which measure?
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Which signs/symptoms indicate respiratory involvement of an allergic reaction?
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Epinephrine stimulates which response to increase blood pressure?
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What should you do after administering 0.3 mg of epinephrine to a patient with an allergic reaction who is anxious and tachycardic?
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Anaphylaxis is MOST accurately defined as what?
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Urticaria is the medical term for what?
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The stinger from a honeybee should be how handled?
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Which factors would MOST likely provide clues regarding the source of a patient's allergic reaction?
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Study Notes
Anaphylaxis Overview
- Anaphylaxis typically involves multiple organ systems.
- Symptoms can include wheezing and urticaria (hives).
Epinephrine Usage
- Epinephrine effectively raises pulse rate and blood pressure, inhibits allergic reactions, and relieves bronchospasm.
- Standard dosage for a child using an EpiPen is 0.15 mg.
Allergic Reaction Progression
- Life-threatening anaphylaxis usually occurs quickly, typically within 30 minutes.
- Immune invaders, like bacteria and viruses, utilize the human body as a home to spread disease.
Signs and Symptoms
- For insect bites or stings, signs may include pain, localized heat, and a raised, well-defined area of the skin (wheal).
- Respiratory symptoms of an allergic reaction include tightness in the chest or throat, along with potential flushed skin and a sense of impending doom.
Care Strategies
- For a hypotensive patient in an immunologic emergency, apply high-flow oxygen, place in a shock position, and maintain body temperature.
Understanding Epinephrine's Effects
- Epinephrine stimulates the sympathetic response, leading to increased blood pressure and bronchospasm relief.
- After epinephrine administration, anxiety and tachycardia are common side effects; monitor closely without additional doses unless directed.
Definitions to Remember
- Anaphylaxis is an extreme allergic reaction affecting multiple body systems.
- Urticaria refers specifically to hives which are raised areas on the skin.
- The correct technique for removing a honeybee stinger is to scrape it away from the skin; do not use tweezers.
Identifying Allergic Reaction Sources
- The patient's environment is crucial for identifying allergic reactions; clues may include the location and timing of exposure.
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Description
Test your knowledge on immunologic emergencies with this flashcard quiz from EMT Chapter 20. The quiz covers key concepts, including anaphylaxis and the role of epinephrine in treating allergic reactions. Perfect for studying for exams or refreshing your knowledge.
