EMT Chapter 11 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

After assisting a 31-year-old female with her prescribed MDI during an acute asthma attack, what should you do next?

Reassess the patient and document her response to the medication.

What should you do after administering supplemental oxygen to a 62-year-old male with crushing chest pain?

Assist him with his nitroglycerin unless his systolic blood pressure is less than 100 mm Hg.

Activated charcoal is an example of what?

Suspension.

Advil, Nuprin, and Motrin are trade names for which generic medication?

<p>Ibuprofen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are drowsiness and a dry mouth an example of after taking diphenhydramine (Benadryl)?

<p>Side effect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for administering medication to yourself or your partner?

<p>Peer-assisted.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are medications encased in a gelatin shell taken by mouth called?

<p>Capsules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the amount of medication that is given?

<p>Dose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of binding or sticking to a surface?

<p>Adsorption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is pharmacology most accurately defined?

<p>The study of drugs and their actions on the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the route of administration for the EpiPen auto-injector?

<p>Intramuscular.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do atorvastatin and amlodipine suggest in an elderly male patient?

<p>Cardiovascular disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which clinical signs would necessitate the administration of naloxone (Narcan)?

<p>Slow respirations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a rules-based medication error?

<p>The EMT administers a drug that is not approved by the medical director.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required for an EMT to administer a drug to a patient?

<p>Medical direction approval.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which patient population typically requires a modified drug dose?

<p>Pediatric patients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement regarding glucose is correct?

<p>Glucose is a simple sugar that is readily absorbed by the bloodstream.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement regarding parenteral medications is correct?

<p>Parenteral medications are absorbed more quickly than enteral medications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

While assisting a paramedic in resuscitating a cardiac arrest patient, what should you expect the paramedic to do?

<p>Administer drugs via the IV route to achieve the fastest effect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a young female experiencing an allergic reaction and severe respiratory distress?

<p>Administer epinephrine to the patient, begin immediate transport, and attempt to contact medical control en route to the hospital.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the amount of medication given based on the patient's size and age?

<p>Dose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which medications travel through body tissues until they reach the bloodstream?

<p>Absorption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What refers to any effects of a medication other than the desired ones?

<p>Side effect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What describes the therapeutic effect of a medication on the body?

<p>Action.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are conditions that make a medication inappropriate for a patient called?

<p>Contraindication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Epinephrine acts as a specific antidote to what?

<p>Histamine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does nitroglycerin relieve the pain associated with angina?

<p>By dilating the arteries to increase the oxygen supply to the heart muscles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is oral glucose placed during administration?

<p>Between a patient's cheek and gum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the form the manufacturer chooses for a medication ensure?

<p>The proper route of the medication, the timing of the medication's release into the bloodstream, and the medication's effects on target organs or body systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the proper dose of a medication depend on?

<p>All of the following except generic substitutions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main hormone that controls the body's fight-or-flight response?

<p>Epinephrine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is defined as a chemical substance used to treat or prevent disease or relieve pain?

<p>Medication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route allows the medication to be absorbed into the bloodstream through various body tissues?

<p>All routes except intravenous.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Asthma and Cardiac Conditions

  • In an asthma attack, assist with the prescribed MDI and then reassess the patient's response to medication.
  • For crushing chest pain in a cardiac patient, administer nitroglycerin only if systolic BP is above 100 mm Hg after providing supplemental oxygen.

Medication Types and Effects

  • Activated charcoal is a type of suspension used in poisoning cases.
  • Common trade names for ibuprofen include Advil, Nuprin, and Motrin.
  • Drowsiness and dry mouth from diphenhydramine (Benadryl) are common side effects.

Administration Methods

  • Peer-assisted administration involves giving medication to oneself or a partner.
  • Capsules are medications encased in a gelatin shell, designed for oral intake.
  • The dose refers to the specific amount of medication administered.

Pharmacology Essentials

  • Absorption is the process where medications travel through tissues into the bloodstream.
  • Pharmacology studies drugs and their effects on the body; it includes understanding contradictions and indications.

Specific Medication Insights

  • EpiPen delivers epinephrine intramuscularly, crucial for severe allergic reactions.
  • A history of cardiovascular disease can be inferred from the use of atorvastatin (Lipitor) and amlodipine (Norvasc).
  • Naloxone (Narcan) is indicated for patients with slow respirations due to opioid overdose.

Medication Errors and Approvals

  • A rules-based medication error occurs when an EMT administers a drug not approved by a medical director.
  • Medical direction approval is essential for EMTs administering drugs to patients.

Patient Populations and Drug Dosing

  • Pediatric patients often require modified doses due to size and developmental differences.
  • Glucose is a simple sugar easily absorbed by the bloodstream, essential for managing hypoglycemia.

Parenteral versus Enteral Medications

  • Parenteral medications are absorbed faster than enteral medications, making them preferable for quick action.
  • The therapeutic effect of a medication is referred to as its action, while unintended effects are termed side effects.

Specific Drug Actions and Interactions

  • Contraindications are conditions that may render a medication harmful or ineffective.
  • Epinephrine counteracts histamine effects in allergic reactions.
  • Nitroglycerin alleviates angina pain by dilating arteries, which increases oxygen supply to heart muscles.

Miscellaneous Information

  • Oral glucose can be administered by placing it between a patient’s cheek and gum for rapid absorption.
  • The form chosen by a manufacturer affects the drug's absorption rate and impact on the body.
  • The effective dose of medication does not depend on generic substitutions but rather patient-specific factors.

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Description

Test your knowledge on emergency medical procedures covered in Chapter 11. This quiz includes scenarios that involve respiratory distress and cardiac events, assessing your critical thinking and decision-making skills in real-life situations. Perfect for EMT students preparing for exams.

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