Emerging Technologies Chapter 1

Emerging Technologies

• Emerging technology refers to new technology, continuing development of existing technology, technologies currently developing, or technologies expected to be available within the next five to ten years, creating significant social or economic effects.

Evolution of Technology

• Technology is the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, including machinery or equipment developed from scientific knowledge.
• The evolution of technology refers to the process of developing by gradual processes, such as cellular communication evolution.

Currently Available Emerging Technologies

• Artificial Intelligence
• Robotics
• IoT
• 5-G
• Biometrics
• 3D printing
• Cloud Computing
• Big Data

Industrial Revolution

• The Industrial Revolution was a period of major industrialization and innovation in the late 1700s and early 1800s.
• The revolution started in England, with innovations to make labor more efficient and productive, shifting from manual to machine-based manufacturing.
• There have been four industrial revolutions:
  • First: Mechanization through water and steam power (1760s)
  • Second: Mass production and assembly lines using electricity (1870s)
  • Third: Adoption of computers and automation (1950s)
  • Fourth: Smart and autonomous systems fueled by data and machine learning (current)

Key Inventions of the Industrial Revolution

• Transportation: Steam Engine, Railroad, Diesel Engine, Airplane
• Communication: Telegraph, Transatlantic Cable, Phonograph, Telephone
• Industry: Cotton Gin, Sewing Machine, Electric Lights

Role of Data for Emerging Technologies

• Data is considered the new oil and a strategic asset in the age of big data.
• Data drives the future of science, technology, economy, and everything else, presenting opportunities and challenges.

Enabling Devices and Networks

• There are four basic kinds of digital electronic systems:
  • Memory devices (store information)
  • Microprocessors (execute instructions to process data)
  • Logic devices (provide specific functions)
  • Network devices (connect computers, servers, and peripherals)
• Computers are the most common programmable devices, following a set of instructions to produce results.
• Examples of programmable devices include Achronix Speedster SPD60, Actel's, etc.

Human to Machine Interaction

• Human to Machine Interaction (HMI) refers to the communication and interaction between humans and machines via a user interface.
• HCI (Human-Computer Interaction) studies how people interact with computers and how computers can interact with humans successfully.
• Three components in HCI: the user, the computer, and the interaction.

Disciplines Contributing to Human-Computer Interaction (HCI)

• Cognitive psychology
• Computer science
• Linguistics
• Engineering and design
• Artificial intelligence
• Human factors

Future Emerging Technologies

• Emerging technologies that will shape the future include:
  • Chatbots
  • Virtual/augmented reality
  • Blockchain
  • Ephemeral Apps
  • Artificial Intelligence

This quiz covers the introduction to emerging technologies, including the evolution of technology, currently available emerging technologies, and the role of data in emerging technologies.