103 Questions
What perspective makes it easier to understand the business value provided by infrastructure investments?
Service platform perspective
How does the new PC and high-speed Internet connection add value to the employee?
Enables connection to major systems and the public Internet
What is the primary function of IT research and development services mentioned in the text?
Provide research on potential future IT projects and investments
What does the evolution of IT infrastructure in organizations today represent?
Different configurations of computing power and infrastructure elements
Which era of computing is characterized by the dominance of Wintel PCs?
Personal computers
Which technology enabled decentralized computing in the mainframe era?
Minicomputers like DEC's PDP-11
What type of computing involves delivering various services over the network?
Cloud computing
Which computing era is characterized by highly centralized infrastructure from a single vendor?
Mainframe and minicomputer era
Which computing era started with the IBM 1401 and 7090 in 1959?
Mainframe and minicomputer era
In which era did the IBM 360 series bring time sharing, multitasking, and virtual memory?
Mainframe and minicomputer era
What type of computing involves desktop or laptop clients connected to powerful server computers?
Client/server computing
Which form of computing is projected to reach $350 billion in spending by 2022?
Cloud computing
What led to the decline in worldwide PC sales?
Popularity of tablets and smartphones
Which computing era can be accessed on an as-needed basis from any connected device and location?
Cloud and mobile computing
Which computing era involved the development of personal desktop productivity software tools?
Personal computers era
What type of servers are typically used in client/server computing?
More powerful versions of personal computers, often using multiple processors
Which company is NOT mentioned as a leading provider of networking hardware?
AT&T
Which software is NOT listed as an open source option for database software?
Oracle
Which technology is used to represent and process data in multiple states simultaneously?
Quantum computing
Which operating system is NOT mentioned as predominant for telecommunications services?
Mac OS
Which technological development facilitated the widespread adoption of client/server computing and local area networks?
Ethernet
Which phenomenon is part of the consumerization of IT?
The use of consumer-originated software services in business environments
Which technology enabled millions of computers to connect in a global network?
TCP/IP
Which technology laid the foundation for a 25-year period of explosive growth in computing?
IBM/Microsoft/Intel Personal Computer
Which company is NOT listed as a key player in the development of quantum computing?
Apple
Which development led to the creation of a global repository of billions of web pages?
World Wide Web standards
Which type of software is offered by SAP and Oracle?
Enterprise application software
What is the primary provider of mainframes for handling large workloads in cloud computing centers?
IBM
Which company offers middleware software for firmwide integration?
IBM
Which technology encompasses hardware, software, and management services for firms' websites?
Internet platforms
Which operating system is increasingly used for cloud computing?
Chrome OS
What is the expected spending on computer hardware devices in 2020?
$688 billion
Which database software is NOT listed as a leading provider?
MySQL
Which companies are NOT mentioned as leading providers of networking hardware?
Dell
Which operating system is used by over 80% of PCs?
Microsoft Windows
Which technology is known for providing a lightweight operating system for cloud computing?
Chrome OS
Which type of computing is the process of presenting a set of computing resources so that they can be accessed in ways that are unrestricted by physical configuration or geographic location?
Virtualization
Which operating system has become the most popular smartphone platform worldwide?
iOS
Which technology is essential for handling large workloads in cloud computing centers?
Mainframes
Which type of devices are expected to be included in the spending on computer hardware devices in 2020?
Servers, PCs, tablets, and smartphones
What are major players in cloud computing offering remotely?
Data storage, computing power, application development tools, high-speed Internet connections
What have IT infrastructure changes resulted from?
Developments in computer processing, memory chips, storage devices, networking hardware and software, and software design
What does Moore's Law describe?
Exponential growth in computing power and decline in computing costs
What does the Law of Mass Digital Storage describe?
Doubling of digital information annually and exponential decline in the cost of storing digital data
What does Metcalfe's Law claim?
The value or power of a network grows exponentially as the number of network members increases
What has driven the demand for information technology?
The growth of the Internet and the economics of networks
What do nanotubes, thousands of times smaller than current technologies, have the potential to be used for?
Create computer chips and other devices
What have been the trends in the cost improvement rate in the last five years?
The cost improvement rate has fallen to single digits from 30 percent annual reductions
What have companies like Google, Microsoft, SAP, Oracle, and Salesforce.com been selling over the Internet?
Software applications as services
What does the number of transistors on a microprocessor and the computing power have done over time?
Exponentially increased while the cost has declined
What do cloud data centers house and make accessible to various client machines?
Thousands or even hundreds of thousands of servers
What is the primary function of IT research and development services mentioned in the text?
To provide research on potential future IT projects and investments
Which computing era started with the IBM 1401 and 7090 in 1959?
Mainframe era
What does Moore's Law describe?
The trend of increasing computing power and decreasing cost over time
What perspective makes it easier to understand the business value provided by infrastructure investments?
Service platform perspective
Which technology is NOT listed as an open source option for database software?
Oracle Database
Which computing era is characterized by the dominance of Wintel PCs?
Client/Server Era
What does Moore's Law describe?
The doubling of transistors on an integrated circuit every two years
Which company is NOT listed as a leading provider of networking hardware?
IBM
What type of computing involves delivering various services over the network?
Cloud Computing
Which technology enabled millions of computers to connect in a global network?
TCP/IP
Which development led to the decline in worldwide PC sales?
Transition to mobile operating systems
What have IT infrastructure changes resulted from?
Shift to cloud or outside services
Which computing era involved the development of personal desktop productivity software tools?
Mainframe Era
Which technology is used to represent and process data in multiple states simultaneously?
Quantum Computing
Which operating system is used by over 80% of PCs?
Windows
Which type of software is offered by SAP and Oracle?
Middleware software
What technology facilitated decentralized computing in the mainframe era?
PDP-11
Which computing era involves desktop or laptop clients connected to powerful server computers?
Client/server computing
What is the primary function of cloud computing, as mentioned in the text?
Delivering various services over the network
Which computing era is characterized by highly centralized infrastructure from a single vendor?
Mainframe era
What led to the decline in worldwide PC sales according to the text?
Widespread adoption of tablets and smartphones
What is the fastest-growing form of computing according to the text?
Cloud computing
Which computing era began with the widespread adoption of IBM PC in 1981?
Personal computer era
What does client/server computing involve according to the text?
Balancing the network's workload
What technology is projected to reach $350 billion in spending by 2022?
Cloud computing
Which computing era can be accessed on an as-needed basis from any connected device and location?
Cloud and mobile computing
Which company's widespread adoption led to the dominance of Wintel PCs according to the text?
Microsoft
Which computing era started with the IBM 1401 and 7090 in 1959?
Mainframe era
Which company is NOT mentioned as a leading provider of networking hardware?
AT&T
Which database software is NOT listed as a leading provider?
PostgreSQL
Which technology is used to represent and process data in multiple states simultaneously?
Quantum computing
What type of computing involves delivering various services over the network?
Cloud computing
Which operating system is NOT mentioned as predominant for telecommunications services?
Mac OS
Which technology is known for providing a lightweight operating system for cloud computing?
Linux
What have companies like Google, Microsoft, SAP, Oracle, and Salesforce.com been selling over the Internet?
Enterprise software
What does Moore's Law describe?
The doubling of transistors on a microprocessor
Which computing era started with the IBM 1401 and 7090 in 1959?
Mainframe era
Which phenomenon is part of the consumerization of IT?
BYOD (bring your own device)
What does the number of transistors on a microprocessor and the computing power have done over time?
Increased
What is the expected spending on computer hardware devices in 2020?
$350 billion
What does Moore's Law describe?
The exponential growth in computing power and the decline in computing costs
What does the Law of Mass Digital Storage describe?
The doubling of digital information annually and the exponential decline in the cost of storing digital data
What do nanotubes, thousands of times smaller than current technologies, have the potential to be used for?
Create computer chips and other devices
What does Metcalfe's Law claim?
The value or power of a network grows exponentially as the number of network members increases
What has driven the demand for information technology?
The growth of the Internet and the economics of networks
What have IT infrastructure changes resulted from?
Developments in computer processing, memory chips, storage devices, networking hardware and software, and software design
What is the primary function of IT research and development services mentioned in the text?
Facilitate innovation and advancement in IT infrastructure and technologies
What perspective makes it easier to understand the business value provided by infrastructure investments?
Economic perspective
Which technology enabled millions of computers to connect in a global network?
The Internet
What type of computing involves delivering various services over the network?
Cloud computing
Which company offers middleware software for firmwide integration?
IBM
Which technological development facilitated the widespread adoption of client/server computing and local area networks?
Networking hardware and software
Study Notes
Evolution of IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies
- Cloud data centers house thousands or even hundreds of thousands of servers, accessible by various client machines linked to the Internet.
- Major players in cloud computing include Amazon, Google, IBM, Oracle, and Microsoft, offering computing power, data storage, application development tools, and high-speed Internet connections remotely.
- Companies like Google, Microsoft, SAP, Oracle, and Salesforce.com sell software applications as services over the Internet.
- IT infrastructure changes have resulted from developments in computer processing, memory chips, storage devices, networking hardware and software, and software design.
- Moore's Law, based on Gordon Moore's assertion, describes the exponential growth in computing power and the decline in computing costs.
- The number of transistors on a microprocessor and the computing power have exponentially increased while the cost has declined.
- The cost improvement rate has fallen to single digits from 30 percent annual reductions in the last five years.
- Nanotubes, thousands of times smaller than current technologies, may be used to create computer chips and other devices.
- The Law of Mass Digital Storage describes the doubling of digital information annually and the exponential decline in the cost of storing digital data.
- Metcalfe's Law claims that the value or power of a network grows exponentially as the number of network members increases.
- Robert Metcalfe's claim points to the increasing returns to scale that network members receive as more and more people join the network.
- The demand for information technology has been driven by the growth of the Internet and the economics of networks.
Evolution of IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies
- Cloud data centers house thousands or even hundreds of thousands of servers, accessible by various client machines linked to the Internet.
- Major players in cloud computing include Amazon, Google, IBM, Oracle, and Microsoft, offering computing power, data storage, application development tools, and high-speed Internet connections remotely.
- Companies like Google, Microsoft, SAP, Oracle, and Salesforce.com sell software applications as services over the Internet.
- IT infrastructure changes have resulted from developments in computer processing, memory chips, storage devices, networking hardware and software, and software design.
- Moore's Law, based on Gordon Moore's assertion, describes the exponential growth in computing power and the decline in computing costs.
- The number of transistors on a microprocessor and the computing power have exponentially increased while the cost has declined.
- The cost improvement rate has fallen to single digits from 30 percent annual reductions in the last five years.
- Nanotubes, thousands of times smaller than current technologies, may be used to create computer chips and other devices.
- The Law of Mass Digital Storage describes the doubling of digital information annually and the exponential decline in the cost of storing digital data.
- Metcalfe's Law claims that the value or power of a network grows exponentially as the number of network members increases.
- Robert Metcalfe's claim points to the increasing returns to scale that network members receive as more and more people join the network.
- The demand for information technology has been driven by the growth of the Internet and the economics of networks.
Test your knowledge about the evolution of IT infrastructure and emerging technologies, including cloud computing, Moore's Law, nanotubes, digital storage, and network economics.
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