Week 7 Embryonic Development
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Questions and Answers

What are pharyngeal arches primarily responsible for in embryonic development?

  • Development of facial muscles, bones, and nerves (correct)
  • Development of the inner ear structures
  • Formation of facial blood vessels
  • Creation of the respiratory tract
  • What structures are formed from the maxillary and mandibular processes?

  • Upper jaw and lower jaw (correct)
  • Outer ear structures
  • Throat and neck musculature
  • Nasal cavities and cheeks
  • At what week of embryonic development does the heart begin to beat and can be detected on an ultrasound?

  • Week 5
  • Week 4
  • Week 6 (correct)
  • Week 8
  • What is the purpose of ventricular septation in cardiac development?

    <p>To ensure proper blood flow direction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does apoptosis play in limb differentiation?

    <p>To remove excess tissue between fingers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the midgut rotation occur during intestinal loop development?

    <p>It rotates 180 degrees counterclockwise (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the cranial limb of the midgut loop develop into?

    <p>Duodenum, jejunum, and ileum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of nasal pits in embryonic facial development?

    <p>They become nostrils and nasal cavities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are digital rays in limb differentiation?

    <p>Thickened ridges where fingers will form (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the midgut loop develops into the large intestine?

    <p>Caudal limb (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    What are pharyngeal arches?

    Structures in the embryo that form the face, neck, and throat, containing tissues that develop into muscles, bones, and nerves of the face and neck.

    What are nasal pits?

    Small depressions on the front of the face that become the nostrils and nasal cavities, surrounded by mesenchyme (connective tissue) that forms the nasal structure.

    What are maxillary and mandibular processes?

    The maxillary processes form the upper jaw and cheeks, while the mandibular processes merge to form the lower jaw and chin, shaping the mouth and face.

    What is atrial septation?

    The right and left atria of the heart are separated by two walls: the septum primum and septum secundum. The foramen ovale allows blood to bypass the lungs, which are not functional yet.

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    What is ventricular septation?

    The ventricles (lower chambers of the heart) are divided into right and left chambers by the interventricular septum, ensuring blood flows correctly.

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    What are hand plates?

    The ends of the upper limb buds flatten into paddle-like structures called hand plates, the earliest forms of hands.

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    What are digital rays?

    Thickened ridges in the hand plates where fingers will form.

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    What is apoptosis in limb development?

    Programmed cell death that removes tissue between the digital rays to separate the fingers.

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    What is herniation in intestinal development?

    The midgut, which grows rapidly, temporarily bulges into the umbilical cord due to the abdomen being too small.

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    What is the cranial limb in intestinal development?

    The upper part of the midgut loop that develops into the small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum), responsible for digestion and nutrient absorption.

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    Study Notes

    Facial Development

    • Pharyngeal arches are structures in the embryo that form the face, neck, and throat
    • Each arch develops into muscles, bones, and nerves of the face and neck
    • Nasal pits are small depressions that become nostrils and nasal cavities
    • Maxillary and mandibular processes form the upper and lower jaws, cheeks, and essential facial features

    Cardiac Development

    • Atrial septum separates the right and left atria
    • Septum primum (first wall) and septum secundum (second wall) form the septum
    • Foramen ovale allows blood to bypass the lungs temporarily
    • Ventricular septum divides the ventricles (lower heart chambers) into right and left sides, directing blood flow

    Heartbeat Detection

    • By week 6, the heart beats with a rate of 100-160 beats per minute
    • Heartbeat is visible via ultrasound

    Limb Differentiation

    • Hand plates are early paddle-like structures developing from the ends of the upper limb buds
    • Digital rays are thickened ridges that form the basis of fingers
    • Apoptosis removes tissue between digital rays to separate fingers

    Lower Limb Development

    • Lower limb buds (future legs) develop slightly later than upper limbs (arms)
    • By week 6, lower limbs begin to elongate and form foot plates

    Intestinal Loop Development

    • Midgut grows rapidly, bulging into umbilical cord temporarily due to abdominal space limitations

    • Cranial limb (upper part of midgut) develops into the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum (small intestine)

    • This section is responsible for digestion and nutrient absorption

    • Caudal limb (lower part of midgut) develops into the large intestine (cecum, appendix, colon) responsible for water absorption and waste compaction

    Midgut Rotation

    • Midgut loop rotates 90 degrees counterclockwise around superior mesenteric artery to position the intestines correctly.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the crucial stages of embryonic development, covering facial, cardiac, and limb differentiation. This quiz addresses the formation of key structures and processes in the developing embryo. Prepare to explore how these developments occur and their significance.

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