Electronic Parameters and Resistance Quiz

The difference in electrical potential between two points, measured in Volts. Imagine it like a hill, where the height difference represents the voltage.

The flow of electrons through a conductor or semiconductor, measured in Amperes or Amps. Imagine it as a river, where the water flow represents the current.

The ability of a material to resist the flow of electricity, measured in Ohms. Imagine it like a narrow pipe, where the resistance to water flow represents the resistance.

A component that limits the flow of current in a circuit, measured in Ohms. Imagine it like a valve, where the valve controls the flow of water.

The minimum voltage reference level in a circuit. Imagine it as the ground level, where everything is measured relative to it.

The rate at which energy is transferred or used, measured in Watts (Watts = Volts * Amps). Imagine it as the power of a motor, where the power determines how much work it can do.

The maximum amount of power that a resistor can handle before being damaged. Imagine it like a fuse, where it breaks if the current exceeds a certain limit.

The range of values that a resistor can have due to manufacturing tolerances. Imagine it like a measuring tape, where the tolerance represents the accuracy of the measurement.

A circuit where components are connected one after another, forming a single path for electrons to flow. The current is the same through all components, and the total resistance is the sum of all individual resistances.

A circuit where components are connected in parallel, providing multiple paths for electrons to flow. All components share the same voltage, the total current is the sum of individual branch currents, and the total resistance is less than the sum of individual resistances.

A device that interrupts current flow, usually controlled by a mechanical switch.

A circuit with two resistors connected in series. The voltage across each resistor is proportional to its resistance, and the sum of both voltage drops equals the total voltage.

An electrical current that changes direction periodically, typically following a sinusoidal wave pattern. It's measured in 'rms voltage,' which is equivalent to the DC voltage that would produce the same amount of work.

An electrical component that stores energy in a magnetic field when current flows through it. Its value is measured in Henries (H).

A device that converts alternating current (AC) from one voltage level to another, using two coils sharing a common magnetic core. The voltage change is determined by the ratio of turns in the coils.

A switch activated by an electromagnet, controlled by an electrically isolated signal. It can be used to control high-voltage circuits with a low-voltage signal.

The first two bands represent the first two digits of the resistance value, the third band represents the multiplier (number of zeros to add).

A resistor is a component that limits the flow of current in a circuit. It is measured in Ohms.

The tolerance band indicates the possible variation in the actual resistance value, represented as a percentage. For example, +5% means the resistance can be 5% higher or lower than the marked value.

A potentiometer is a variable resistor. The resistance can be adjusted by moving a wiper between two leads.

In a linear potentiometer, rotation of the knob directly changes the resistance. In a logarithmic potentiometer, the change in resistance is exponential with the rotation.

Voltage (V) is the difference in electrical potential between two points. Current (I) is the flow of electrons. Resistance (R) opposes the flow of current. The relationship between them is defined by Ohm's Law: V = I * R.

A complete circuit requires a closed loop for current flow. The sum of current entering a junction equals the sum of current exiting.

An open circuit has a break in the path, interrupting current flow. A short circuit lacks enough resistance, causing a potentially dangerous surge of current.

A surge of voltage caused by the magnetic field collapsing in an inductor.

Diodes protect circuits from blowback voltage by providing a path for the surge to flow harmlessly.

Components that store electrical charge, like tiny batteries.

The amount of charge a capacitor can store is measured in Farads.

A non-conductive material between the plates of a capacitor that increases its storage capacity.

A capacitor with a liquid or paste dielectric, typically has higher storage capacity but leaks charge over time.

A capacitor with a solid dielectric, typically has less storage capacity but leaks charge much slower compared to electrolytic capacitors.

The flow of current in a circuit when a capacitor is charging decreases gradually as the capacitor fills up.

The buildup of charge in a capacitor, where electrons move from one plate to another, leaving the first plate positively charged and the second negatively charged.

The process where stored charge in a capacitor flows out, usually through a path provided by a short circuit.

A capacitor resists the flow of direct current (DC), and a continuous current cannot flow through it because it acts like an open circuit when fully charged.

An alternating current (AC) can flow through a capacitor because it continually charges and discharges the capacitor, causing current to flow even though the current is always changing direction.

The rate at which a capacitor charges or discharges depends on the resistance in the circuit. Higher resistance means slower charging/discharging.