Electronic Parameters and Components Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What happens to the current when a capacitor fills with charge?

  • The current increases rapidly.
  • The current remains constant.
  • The current decreases slowly.
  • The current eventually stops. (correct)

How does a capacitor behave when it is fully charged?

  • It allows a continuous current to flow.
  • It behaves like an open circuit. (correct)
  • It acts like a closed circuit.
  • It starts to discharge immediately.

What type of current can flow through a capacitor?

  • Neither direct nor alternating current
  • Both direct and alternating current
  • Direct current only
  • Alternating current only (correct)

What occurs when a capacitor is shorted?

<p>Charge flows out quickly and may cause a spark. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor affects the speed at which a capacitor charges or discharges?

<p>The resistance in the circuit (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes blowback voltage in a circuit?

<p>Collapsing magnetic field in an inductor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a capacitor?

<p>Storing electrical charge (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of capacitor has polarity and must be connected correctly in a circuit?

<p>Electrolytic capacitor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of using a dielectric material in a capacitor?

<p>Allows more charge to be stored (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What unit is used to measure capacitance?

<p>Farads (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant drawback of electrolytic capacitors compared to non-electrolytic capacitors?

<p>Faster charge leakage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When a capacitor charges, how does the current flow initially?

<p>Rapidly at first, then slows down (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following materials is NOT commonly used as a dielectric?

<p>Silicon (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the first two colored bands on a resistor represent?

<p>The resistance value (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the third band on a resistor signify?

<p>The multiplier (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following resistor color bands corresponds to a tolerance of ±5%?

<p>Gold (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a resistor has the color bands Yellow, Purple, Red, and Gold, what is its resistance value?

<p>4,700 ohms ±5% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potentiometer?

<p>A variable resistor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Ohm's law, which formula represents resistance?

<p>R = V / I (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a short circuit?

<p>A circuit with insufficient resistance in its load (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which color represents the digit 3 on a resistor's value scale?

<p>Orange (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of measurement for voltage?

<p>Volts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following components is primarily used to control the flow of current in a circuit?

<p>Resistor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a resistor when too much current flows through it?

<p>It heats up (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between power, voltage, and current?

<p>Power = Volts * Amps (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes materials that conduct current better than others?

<p>Conductors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by a 'floating ground' in electronic circuits?

<p>A reference level without earth connection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the resistor color code signify?

<p>The resistance value (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of measurement for resistance?

<p>Ohms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to total resistance in a parallel circuit?

<p>It is less than the value after adding individual resistances. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the voltage divider formula used for?

<p>To determine the voltage between two resistors in series. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Inductors are primarily used for what purpose?

<p>To filter AC signals. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a transformer?

<p>To convert AC input voltage to a different voltage. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of load uses magnetic fields in its operation?

<p>Inductive loads. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What describes a relay?

<p>A switch operated by an electromagnet. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between power in the primary and secondary coils of a transformer?

<p>Power is conserved; it remains the same in both coils. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Voltage

The difference in electrical potential between two points, measured in volts (V).

Current

The flow of electrons through a conductor, measured in amperes (A).

Conductors

Materials that allow electricity to flow easily.

Semiconductors

Materials that have a resistance between conductors and insulators, allowing some current to flow.

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Insulators

Materials that resist the flow of electricity.

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Power

The amount of power a circuit can handle, measured in watts (W).

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Ground

A reference point in a circuit with the lowest potential.

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Resistance

The opposition to the flow of current, measured in ohms (Ω).

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Resistor

A component that resists the flow of electric current, measured in ohms.

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Resistor Bands: First Two Bands

The first two bands on a resistor represent the first two digits of the resistance value.

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Resistor Bands: Third Band

The third band on a resistor indicates the multiplier, which determines the number of zeros added after the first two digits.

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Resistor Bands: Fourth Band

The last band on a resistor represents the tolerance (accuracy) of the resistor, expressed as a percentage.

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Potentiometer

A variable resistor where a moving wiper changes the resistance between the wiper and a fixed lead.

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Open Circuit

A circuit with a break in the path of current flow.

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Short Circuit

A circuit with a very low resistance, allowing a large amount of current to flow.

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Kirchhoff's Current Law

A circuit where the sum of current entering a junction equals the sum of current exiting.

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Series Circuit

All components are connected end to end, forming a single path for electrons to flow. This means all components share the same current, and the total resistance is the sum of individual resistances. The total voltage across the circuit is equal to the sum of the individual voltage drops.

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Parallel Circuit

All components are connected in parallel, meaning they share the same voltage. The total resistance is less than the sum of individual resistances, and the total current is equal to the sum of individual branch currents.

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Switch

A mechanical device that interrupts the flow of current. It is characterized by the number of poles and the number of throws.

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Voltage Divider

A circuit configuration with two resistors in series, where the voltage drop across each resistor adds up to the total voltage drop across both. The formula to determine the voltage between the resistors is Vout = Vin * (R2/R1+R2).

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Alternating Current (AC)

A type of voltage that alternates sinusoidally with time. It is specified with an RMS value that represents the equivalent DC voltage capable of doing the same amount of work. Household line voltages are specified at 240 Vac, which means the peak voltage is about 363v.

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Inductor

A passive electrical component that stores energy in a magnetic field when current flows through it. Their values are measured in Henry and they are commonly used as AC filters. The strength of the magnetic field depends on factors like number of coil turns, coil size, core material, etc.

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Transformer

A device that transfers AC power from one circuit to another at either a higher or lower voltage, depending on the ratio of turns between the primary and secondary coils. Power is conserved (V*I is the same in both coils), so stepping down the voltage increases current, and vice versa.

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Relay

A switch operated by an electromagnet that is controlled by an electrically isolated signal from the switched current. It is slow, noisy, and can pass AC or DC current.

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Blowback

A surge of voltage created when the magnetic field in an inductor collapses.

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Capacitor

A component designed to store an electrical charge.

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Capacitance

The ability of a capacitor to store energy or charge, measured in Farads.

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Dielectric Material

A non-conductive material placed between capacitor plates to increase capacitance.

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Electrolytic Capacitor

A capacitor with a liquid or paste dielectric. Often used in circuits due to their high energy storage.

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Non-Electrolytic Capacitor

A capacitor with a solid dielectric. More stable and reliable than electrolytic capacitors.

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Capacitor Leakage

The process of a capacitor gradually losing stored charge over time.

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Capacitor Tolerance

The difference between the actual capacitance value of a capacitor and its rated value.

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What is a capacitor?

A device that stores electrical energy in an electric field.

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What is capacitor charging?

The process of a capacitor accumulating charge.

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What is capacitor discharging?

The process of a capacitor releasing its stored charge.

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How does resistance affect capacitor charging and discharging?

The rate at which a capacitor charges or discharges is influenced by the resistance in the circuit.

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What is Direct Current (DC)?

A continuous flow of electricity in one direction.

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Study Notes

Electronic Parameters and Components

  • Voltage: Difference in electrical charge between two points, measured in Volts.
  • Current: Flow of electrons through a conductor or semiconductor, measured in Amperes (Amps). Current flows from positive to negative.
  • Power: Measure of work a circuit can do, calculated as Volts multiplied by Amps (Watts).
  • Ground: Reference point for minimum voltage. True ground connects to the earth, but circuit ground may not be connected to earth (floating ground), especially in battery-powered circuits.
  • Resistance: Measured in Ohms, controls current and voltage drop across components. Resistors limit current flow to prevent damage to components, like LEDs. Resistance generates heat as current flows through it based on the current and resistor power rating. Resistors are not perfectly precise and have a tolerance (plus or minus percentage).

Resistor Color Code

  • Resistor value is shown by color bands.
  • First two bands represent the first two digits of resistance value.
  • Third band is the multiplier (number of zeros to add).
  • Fourth band (if present) indicates tolerance.

Potentiometer

  • Variable resistor; a wiper moves between two leads and resistance varies.
  • Linear pots have direct relationship between rotation and resistance.
  • Logarithmic pots have an exponential relationship between rotation and resistance.

Ohm's Law

  • Voltage (V) equals Current (I) multiplied by Resistance (R).
  • Current (I) equals Voltage (V) divided by Resistance (R).
  • Resistance (R) equals Voltage (V) divided by Current (I).

Circuits

  • Series Circuits: Components connected end-to-end, single path for current, total resistance is the sum of individual resistances, total voltage is the sum of individual voltage drops.
  • Parallel Circuits: Components connected in parallel, sharing the same voltage, total current is the sum of individual branch currents, total resistance is less than the sum of individual resistances.

Switches

  • Mechanical devices to interrupt current flow, characterized by number of poles and number of throws.

Voltage Divider

  • Two resistors in series, voltage drop across each is proportional to their respective resistance values. Using the voltage divider formula, can determine the voltage between those two resistors.

Alternating Current (AC)

  • Voltage alternates sinusoidally.
  • AC voltage values are specified using RMS values, which represent the equivalent DC voltage that would produce the same amount of work.

Inductors

  • Stores energy in a magnetic field.
  • Used as AC filters; also work as electromagnets.
  • Values are measured in Henries.

Transformers

  • Device with primary and secondary coils, steps voltage up or down, based on the turns ratios between coils.
  • Total power in the primary coil is equal to the total power in the secondary coil.

Relays

  • Switches operated by electromagnets; controlled by electrically isolated signals.
  • Used to control higher power loads with lower power signals.

Capacitors

  • Store electrical charge.
  • Constructed from two conductive plates separated by a dielectric material, with large plates resulting in higher capacitance.
  • Increasing capacitance can be achieved through smaller dielectric or more plates.
  • Two types: Electrolytic and non-electrolytic.
  • Electrolytic capacitors store more charge but have polarity and can slowly leak charge, which affects their utilization.
  • Non-electrolytic capacitors have less charge capacity but do not need to worry about polarity and leak charge slowly as well.

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Description

Test your knowledge of basic electronic parameters, components, and the resistor color code. This quiz covers essential concepts such as voltage, current, power, and resistance, as well as how to read resistor values. Perfect for students learning about electronics!

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