Electrolyte Imbalances Overview

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Which cation is the major intracellular cation?

Potassium (correct)

Chloride

Calcium

Sodium

What can cause hyperkalemia?

Alkalosis

Hypokalemia

Acidosis (correct)

Insulin

Which hormone increases plasma calcium levels by promoting kidney reabsorption?

Vitamin D

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) (correct)

Calcitonin

Aldosterone

What is the primary function of Vitamin D in calcium regulation?

Increasing calcium absorption in the GI tract Signup and view all the answers

What electrolyte imbalance is common in hyperglycemia?

Hypernatremia Signup and view all the answers

What effect does acidosis have on potassium levels?

Increases potassium levels Signup and view all the answers

Which fluid compartment contains 2/3 of the total body water?

Intracellular fluid Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cation in the extracellular fluid?

Sodium Signup and view all the answers

Which ion is responsible for maintaining the osmotic balance of the extracellular fluid?

Sodium Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for attracting water from the interstitial space back into the capillary osmotically via proteins?

Plasma capillary oncotic pressure Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is involved in regulating water balance by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys?

ADH (antidiuretic hormone) Signup and view all the answers

Which fluid compartment does sodium play a crucial role in osmotic balance?

Extracellular fluid Signup and view all the answers

What stimulates the release of renin from juxtaglomerular cells in the RAAS system?

Low perfusion Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone acts as a natural antagonist to the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS)?

Natriuretic peptides Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in the body?

Increase in plasma osmolality Signup and view all the answers

Which condition results in an increase of aldosterone secretion?

Hypovolemia Signup and view all the answers

Which type of solution has a higher osmotic pressure compared to the body's fluids?

Hypertonic solution Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of isotonic volume depletion according to the text?