Electrolyte Imbalances Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which cation is the major intracellular cation?

  • Potassium (correct)
  • Chloride
  • Calcium
  • Sodium

What can cause hyperkalemia?

  • Alkalosis
  • Hypokalemia
  • Acidosis (correct)
  • Insulin

Which hormone increases plasma calcium levels by promoting kidney reabsorption?

  • Vitamin D
  • Parathyroid hormone (PTH) (correct)
  • Calcitonin
  • Aldosterone

What is the primary function of Vitamin D in calcium regulation?

<p>Increasing calcium absorption in the GI tract (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What electrolyte imbalance is common in hyperglycemia?

<p>Hypernatremia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does acidosis have on potassium levels?

<p>Increases potassium levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fluid compartment contains 2/3 of the total body water?

<p>Intracellular fluid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cation in the extracellular fluid?

<p>Sodium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ion is responsible for maintaining the osmotic balance of the extracellular fluid?

<p>Sodium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for attracting water from the interstitial space back into the capillary osmotically via proteins?

<p>Plasma capillary oncotic pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is involved in regulating water balance by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys?

<p>ADH (antidiuretic hormone) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fluid compartment does sodium play a crucial role in osmotic balance?

<p>Extracellular fluid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What stimulates the release of renin from juxtaglomerular cells in the RAAS system?

<p>Low perfusion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone acts as a natural antagonist to the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS)?

<p>Natriuretic peptides (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in the body?

<p>Increase in plasma osmolality (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition results in an increase of aldosterone secretion?

<p>Hypovolemia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of solution has a higher osmotic pressure compared to the body's fluids?

<p>Hypertonic solution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of isotonic volume depletion according to the text?

<p>Hypovolemia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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