Electrical Engineering Flashcards: Logical Operators 2023-2024

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Questions and Answers

What is the key concept behind the concepts of relational and logical operators?

The key concept is the idea of true and false.

In C++, what is considered as true and what is considered as false?

In C++, true is any value other than 0, and false is 0.

What are the return values for false and true in expressions that use relational or logical operators?

The return value for false is 0, and for true is 1.

In C++, what does the expression 'if (exp.1 && exp.2)' indicate?

exp.3 will be true if both exp.1 and exp.2 are true; otherwise, it will be false. Signup and view all the answers

What does the expression 'if (exp.1 || exp.2)' indicate?

exp.3 will be true if either exp.1 or exp.2 is true. Signup and view all the answers

In the given example, what value is assigned to the int variable?

The value 256 is assigned to the int variable. Signup and view all the answers

What condition is checked for the int variable in the given example?

The condition checked is whether the value of the int variable is greater than 100 and less than 300. Signup and view all the answers

What value is assigned to the boolean variable in the given example?

The boolean variable is assigned a value of true. Signup and view all the answers

What condition is checked for the int variable and the boolean variable in the given example?

The program checks if the int number is greater than 100, or the value of the boolean variable is true. Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of the second boolean variable defined in the given example?

The value of the second boolean variable is the negation of the first boolean variable. Signup and view all the answers

Match the following logical operators with their meanings:

&& = Logical AND operator || = Logical OR operator ! = Logical NOT operator == = Equality comparison operator Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Relational operators = Used to establish a relationship between two entities Logical operators = Used to connect multiple conditional statements True = Any value other than 0 in C++ False = The value 0 in C++ Signup and view all the answers

Match the following expressions with their return values in C++:

(5 > 3) && (7 < 10) = 1 (6 == 6) || (4 > 7) = 1 !(3 <= 2) = 1 (8 != 8) && (9 >= 10) = 0 Signup and view all the answers

Match the following descriptions with the correct concepts:

Connection of conditional statements = Logical operators Establishing relationship between values = Relational operators Any value other than 0 = True in C++ The value 0 = False in C++ Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Relational and Logical Operators

Relational operators are used to compare values, and logical operators are used to combine relational expressions.
In C++, any non-zero value is considered true, and 0 is considered false.

Return Values

In expressions using relational or logical operators, true is represented by 1 and false is represented by 0.

Conditional Statements

The expression if (exp.1 && exp.2) indicates that both exp.1 and exp.2 must be true for the condition to be true.
The expression if (exp.1 || exp.2) indicates that either exp.1 or exp.2 (or both) must be true for the condition to be true.

Variable Assignments

In the given example, the value 10 is assigned to the int variable.
The condition checked for the int variable is whether it is equal to 10.
The value true is assigned to the boolean variable if the condition is true.
The condition checked for both the int variable and the boolean variable is whether the int variable is equal to 10.
The value of the second boolean variable is false if the condition is not met.

Logical Operators and Meanings

&& represents logical AND
|| represents logical OR
! represents logical NOT

Terms and Definitions

Relational operators: used to compare values
Logical operators: used to combine relational expressions
Conditional statement: a statement that executes a block of code if a condition is true

Expressions and Return Values

exp.1 && exp.2 returns 1 if both exp.1 and exp.2 are true, and 0 otherwise
exp.1 || exp.2 returns 1 if either exp.1 or exp.2 (or both) are true, and 0 otherwise
!exp.1 returns 1 if exp.1 is false, and 0 if exp.1 is true

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Description

Test your understanding of logical operators in C++ and their use in relational expressions. Explore how the rules of formal logic apply to connect relationships and understand the concept of true and false in programming.