Electrical Engineering 2 Flashcards

Electrical Engineering Key Terms

• Henry: Unit of inductance; 1 henry is the inductance causing 1 volt emf with a current change of 1 ampere per second.
• Hertz: Unit of frequency, replacing 'cycles per second' (cps).
• Impedance: Total opposition in a circuit to AC current, comprising both magnitude and phase components.
• Inductance: Property allowing a conductor to induce voltage due to changing current; includes self-inductance and mutual inductance. Measured in henries (H).
• Inductor: Coil of wire, typically around an iron core; inductance increases with more turns in the coil.
• Insulator: Material that restricts electric current flow; includes glass, rubber, air, and plastics, which protect against electric shock.
• Inverter: Device that converts direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC).
• Kilowatt-hour (kWh): Energy measurement unit; calculated by multiplying power (in kW) by time (in hours). Example: A 100W bulb uses 0.4 kWh in 4 hours.
• Kilowatt-hour Meter: Device for measuring electrical energy consumption.
• Kilowatt (kW): Unit equivalent to 1000 watts.
• Load: Electrical energy consumer, including lights, motors, and transformers.
• Load Rejection: Occurs when there’s a sudden load loss, causing generator frequency increase. Load rejection tests verify system stability post-loss.
• Mutual Induction: Process where changing current in one coil generates voltage in another nearby coil.
• Ohm (Ω): Unit of resistance; 1 ohm resists 1 ampere of current under 1 volt potential difference.
• Ohm's Law: Formula V = IR indicating the relationship between voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R).
• Ohmmeter: Tool for measuring circuit resistance in ohms.
• Open Circuit: Circuit interruption (e.g., broken wire, open switch) halting current flow.
• Parallel Circuit: Circuit with multiple paths for electricity; each load receives full circuit voltage, and total current is the sum of branch currents.
• Piezoelectricity: Electric charge accumulation in certain crystals under mechanical stress.
• Polarity: Term indicating positive and negative ends of electrical components such as batteries.
• Power: Rate of energy transfer in an electric circuit, measured in watts (W).
• Power Factor: Ratio of actual power used in AC circuits to apparent power, affected by reactance.
• Protective Relay: Device that disconnects circuits upon fault detection.
• Reactive Power: Power that maintains electric and magnetic fields in AC circuits, measured in VARs.
• Rectifier: Device converting AC to DC, allowing current flow in one direction.
• Relay: Switch that uses a small current to control larger currents.
• Reluctance: Opposition a magnetic circuit presents to magnetic field lines.
• Resistance: Opposition to electric current flow, compared to friction in fluid movement. Measured in ohms.
• Resistor: Component made from wire or carbon providing resistance to current flow.
• Rotor: Moving part of machines like generators and motors.
• Self Induction: Voltage induced in a coil due to changes in current.
• Semiconductor: Material with intermediate conductivity; silicon-based semiconductors are pivotal in electronics.
• Series-Parallel Circuit: Circuit combining series and parallel connections among components.
• Series Circuit: Circuit with a single path for current; all current flows through each load.
• Service: Electrical conductors and equipment delivering energy from the supply system to users.
• Short Circuit: Unintentional connection causing current diversion in a circuit.
• Solid State Circuit: Integrated circuits using semiconductor devices for functionality.
• Transistor: Three-terminal semiconductor device enabling amplification and rectification.
• True Power: Measured in watts, indicating power in tangible forms; current and voltage in phase in pure resistance circuits.
• VARS: Unit for reactive power, representing power flowing into reactive loads.
• Variable Resistor: Adjustable resistor offering different resistance values.
• Volt-Ampere (VA): Power measure, calculated as voltage times current (amps).
• Volt (V): Unit of voltage; the potential difference causing 1 ampere current through 1 ohm resistance.
• Voltage: Electromotive force driving electron flow, akin to water pressure in plumbing. Measured in volts.
• Voltmeter: Instrument gauging voltage difference between two circuit points; characterized by high internal resistance.
• Watt-hour (Wh): Energy equivalent of consuming 1 watt for 1 hour.
• Watt (W): Unit of power representing 1 joule per second; corresponds to particular voltage and current in an electric circuit.
• Wattmeter: Device measuring electric power in watts.
• Waveform: Graph depicting electrical cycle variations in amplitude over time.

This quiz consists of flashcards covering fundamental concepts in Electrical Engineering, such as units of measure for inductance, frequency, and impedance. Test your knowledge of these essential terms and enhance your understanding of the subject.