Eighteenth and Nineteenth Century Histologists

Eighteenth and Nineteenth Century Histologists

• Johann Nathanael Lieberkühn (1714-1765): Described intestinal glands, later named Lieberkühn's glands.
• Robert Brown (1773-1858): A botanist who described the cell nucleus (1831).
• Jan Evangelista Purkyne (1787-1869): An anatomist and physiologist who described neurons in the cerebellum (Purkinje neurons) and myocardial network (Purkinje network).
• Alfred Wilhelm Wolkman (1801-1877): A physiologist and histologist.

Additional Histologists

• Hugo van Mohl (1805-1872): A botanist and anatomist who described protoplasm (cytoplasm).
• Friedrich Gustav Henle (1809-1885): An anatomist and pathologist, wrote the first histology textbook (1841). Described renal tubules (Henle loop). Studied blood vessel walls (membrane of Henle). Described the ciliary epithelium of the auditory organ and certain skin structures.
• Benedict Stilling (1810-1879): An anatomist and surgeon, developed methods of sectioning frozen parts (1842) and using potassium dichromate to fix and paraffin embed histological specimens.
• Theodore Schwann (1810-1882): A histologist and physiologist, developed the cellular theory. Described the nerve sheath (Schwann sheath) and the cells that form it (Schwann cells). Studied elastic tissues in vascular walls and capillaries. Described cell theory in plants and developed the term "metabolism."
• Filippo Paccini (1812-1883): An anatomist and histologist, described the terminal nerve corpuscles (Pacinian corpuscles). Also studied the retinal structure.
• Robert Remak (1815-1865): A physiologist, embryologist, and neurologist, described hepatocyte cords (Remak cords).
• William Bowman (1816-1892): An anatomist, histologist, surgeon, and ophthalmologist, described the renal vascular glomerulus capsule (Bowman Capsule).
• Franz von Leydig (1821-1908): An anatomist and zoologist, discovered interstitial cells in the testis (Leydig cells).
• Karl Wilhelm Kupffer (1829-1902): An anatomist, described macrophage cells in the liver (Kupffer cells).
• Wilhelm His - Senior (1831-1904): An anatomist, developed a microtome (1866), described the excito-conducting bundle of the heart, described free nerve endings, and the formation of the allantois.
• Vladimir Betz (1831-1894): An anatomist and histologist, described Betz cells (large pyramidal motor cells).
• Wilhelm Krause (1833-1910): An anatomist, discovered Krause corpuscles (mechanoreceptors) and the isotropic bands in striated muscles.
• Louis Antoine Ranvier (1835-1922): An anatomist, histologist, and pathologist, described the strangulations in myelinated nerve fibers (Ranvier nodes).
• Francis Delafield (1841-1915): Used hematoxylin-eosin staining for histological sections. -Heinrich Wilhelm Waldeyer (1836-1921): An anatomist, described the nasopharyngeal lymph ring (Waldeyer's ring). Used the terms neuron and chromosome.
• Camillo Golgi (1844-1926): A pathologist and cytologist, discovered the Golgi apparatus, studied cerebral gray matter, and received the Nobel Prize in Medicine (1906).
• Guido Bizzozero (1844–1902): A pathologist, discovered blood platelets, and several lymph nodes.
• Karl Weigert (1845-1904): A pathologist and histologist, developed hematoxylin staining for histological sections on glass slides.
• Paul Langerhans (1847-1888): Described the atrioventricular node (Aschoff-Tawara node).
• Richard Thoma (1847-1923): Perfected the microtome.
• Santiago Ramon Y Cajal (1852-1934): A histologist and pathologist, considered one of the founders of neuroscience; systematized interneuronal contacts, identified 6 cell layers in cerebral cortex, studied nerve membranes, explained white color of sensory nerve fibers and received Nobel Prize in 1906.
• Franz Nissl (1860-1919): Fixed the brain in alcohol, used aniline dyes, and described Nissl granules (tiger corpuscles) in neurons.
• Ludwig Aschoff (1866-1942): An anatomo-pathologist and medical historian, described the atrioventricular node (Aschoff-Tawara node) with Tawara.

Test your knowledge on the contributions of key histologists from the 18th and 19th centuries. This quiz covers notable figures such as Lieberkühn, Brown, and Purkyne, as well as their groundbreaking discoveries in anatomy and cell biology. Delight in learning about the advancements in histology during this transformative period.