Outstanding Histologists From the 18th and 19th Centuries PDF

**OUTSTANDING HISTOLOGISTS** **FROM THE EIGHTEENTH AND NINETEENTH CENTURIES** **Prof. Dr. Cristian Bârsu** Attention This course support is intended exclusively for students from the Faculty of Medicine of the \"Iuliu Haţieganu\" University of Medicine and Pharmacy. That is why the course suppor...

**OUTSTANDING HISTOLOGISTS** **FROM THE EIGHTEENTH AND NINETEENTH CENTURIES** **Prof. Dr. Cristian Bârsu** Attention This course support is intended exclusively for students from the Faculty of Medicine of the \"Iuliu Haţieganu\" University of Medicine and Pharmacy. That is why the course support should not be broadcast by any means outside the academic community of the "Iuliu Haţieganu" U. M. F. **Johann Nathanael Lieberkühn (1714 - 1765)** \- described the glands in the intestinal mucosa, called \"Lieberkühn\'s glands\" after his death. **Robert Brown (1773 - 1858)** \- He was a botanist. \- described the nucleus of cells (1831). **Jan Evangelista Purkyne (1787 -1869)** \- He was an anatomist and physiologist. \- described the neurons in the intermediate layer of the cerebellar cortex, which - in his honor -they were called \"Purkinje neurons\" \- described the fibers in the myocardial network; this was then called the \"Purkyne network\". **Alfred Wilhelm Wolkman (1801 - 1877)** \- He was a physiologist and **histologist**. \- described the canals that connect the Havers\' canals, located in the compact long bones. **Hugo van Mohl (1805 - 1872)** \- He was a botanist and anatomist. \- described the protoplasm = cytoplasm (1834). **Friedrich Gustav Henle (1809 - 1885)** \- He was an anatomist and pathologist. \- wrote the first treatise on histology in the world (in 1841) \- described: \- the loop of the renal tubules, which was later called the \"Henle loop\" \- endothelium of blood vessels \- a special layer of the wall of small vessels, which was later called \"membrane of Henle" \- the ciliary epithelium of the auditory organ \- some structures in the skin. **Benedict Stilling (1810 - 1879)** \- He was an anatomist and surgeon. \- invented the method of serial sections \- invented the technique of sectioning frozen parts (1842); this was the basis of the "extemporaneous examination " \- invented the fixation of histological pieces in potassium dichromate, followed by their inclusion in paraffin. **Theodore Schwann (1810 - 1882)** \- He was a **histologist** and physiologist. \- developed the cellular theory \- described the nerve sheath, called - in his honor - \"Schwann sheath\" \- discovered the cell that forms it, later called the \"Schwann cell\" \- identified the elastic tissue in the vascular walls \- studied the walls of the capillaries \- developed the cell theory in plants \- developed the term \"metabolism\". **Filippo Paccini (1812 - 1883)** \- He was an anatomist and **histologist.** \- described the terminal corpuscles of the sensitive nerve fibers; they were then named\"Vater - Paccini\", because the anatomist A. Vater identified them more than a century before Paccini \- described some components of the retinal structure. **Robert Remak (1815-1865)** \- He was a physiologist, embryologist and neurologist. \- described the hepatocyte cords, which were later called \"Remak cords\". **William Bowman (1816 - 1892)** \- He was an anatomist, **histologist,** surgeon and ophthalmologist. \- discovered the capsule that envelops the renal vascular glomerulus; it was named Bowman. **Franz von Leydig (1821 - 1908)** \- He was an anatomist and zoologist. \- discovered the interstitial cells in the testis (1850), which were later named Leydig **Karl Wilhelm Kupffer (1829 - 1902)** \- He was an anatomist. \- described the macrophage cells in the liver (1876), which later received its name. **Wilhelm His - Senior (1831 - 1904)** \- He was an anatomist. \- made a microtome (1866), for the sectioning of the fragments of organs included in paraffin described the excito-conducting bundle in the heart \- described the free terminations of the nerve fibers \- described the formation of the allantois in the embryo. **Vladimir Betz (1831 - 1894)** \- He was an anatomist and **histologist.** \- described the large pyramidal motor cells in the cerebral cortex; these are known as \"Betz cells\". **Wilhelm Krause (1833 - 1910)** \- He was an anatomist. \- discovered the mechanoreceptors in the skin, which were later called \'Krause corpuscles\' \- discovered the isotropic bands in the sarcolemma of striated muscles. **Louis Antoine Ranvier (1835 - 1922)** \- He was an anatomist, **histologist** and pathologist. \- described the strangulations of myelinated nerve fibers (1878), which later received its name. **Francis Delafield (1841 - 1915)** \- was the first to use the hematoxylin-eosin solution for staining section histologic **Heinrich Wilhelm Waldeyer (1836-1921)** \- He was an anatomist. \- described the nasopharyngeal lymph ring, which was later named Waldeyer \- was the first to use the terms neuron (1891) and chromosome. **Camillo Golgi (1844 - 1926)** \- He was a pathologist and cytologist. \- discovered the cytoplasmic organ, which, in his honor, bears his name; thus paving the way for ultrastructural studies \- studied the cerebral gray matter \- received the Nobel Prize in Medicine (1906). **Guido Bizzozero (1844-- 1902)** \- He was a pathologist. \- He discovered the blood platelets \- he discovered several lymph nodes, which later received his name. **Karl Weigert (1845 -1904)** \- He was a pathologist and **histologist.** \- performed the hematoxylin staining of the sections on the blades **Paul Langerhans (1847 - 1888)** \- He was a pathologist and physiologist. \- described the pancreatic islets and the cells from which they form these islands. **Richard Thoma (1847 - 1923)** \- perfected the microtome. **Santiago Ramon Y Cajal (1852 - 1934)** \- He was a **histologist** and pathologist. \- is considered one of the founders of neuroscience \- achieved the first important systematization of interneuronal contacts \- wrote a vast treatise on histology \- identified the 6 cell layers in the cerebral cortex \- studied the nerve cell membrane \- explained the white color of the sensory nerve fibers \- received the Nobel Prize in Medicine (1906). **Franz Nissl (1860 - 1919)** \- fixed the brain in alcohol and colored the sections obtained with basic aniline dyes (methylene blue, toluidine, etc.) \- showed the presence in the cytoplasm of neurons of some granulations, which he called \"tiger corpuscles\"; then they were called \"Nissl corpuscles\". **Ludwig Aschoff (1866 - 1942)** \- He was anatomo-pathologist and [medical-historian.] \- Aschoff and his disciple - Sunao Tawara (1873 - 1952) - described the atrioventricular cardio-vector nodule; then it was called \"Aschoff-Tawara\".