Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of lecithin found in egg yolks?
What is the primary function of lecithin found in egg yolks?
Raw eggs are considered safe to consume without cooking.
Raw eggs are considered safe to consume without cooking.
False
At what temperature do egg whites coagulate?
At what temperature do egg whites coagulate?
60°C
Egg yolks contain a high percentage of __________.
Egg yolks contain a high percentage of __________.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the cooking method to its characteristic:
Match the cooking method to its characteristic:
Signup and view all the answers
Which vitamin is NOT primarily found in eggs?
Which vitamin is NOT primarily found in eggs?
Signup and view all the answers
Starches are known as simple carbohydrates.
Starches are known as simple carbohydrates.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary purpose of pasteurization in milk treatment?
What is the primary purpose of pasteurization in milk treatment?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?
What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?
Signup and view all the answers
Soya is considered an incomplete protein.
Soya is considered an incomplete protein.
Signup and view all the answers
Name one complex carbohydrate source.
Name one complex carbohydrate source.
Signup and view all the answers
Bicarbonate of soda is a __________ raising agent.
Bicarbonate of soda is a __________ raising agent.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the following raising agents with their description:
Match the following raising agents with their description:
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following should be avoided when handling food?
Which of the following should be avoided when handling food?
Signup and view all the answers
Hair should be left loose when preparing food.
Hair should be left loose when preparing food.
Signup and view all the answers
What is one effect of raising agents in baking?
What is one effect of raising agents in baking?
Signup and view all the answers
Hands must be __________ thoroughly after washing to prevent spreading bacteria.
Hands must be __________ thoroughly after washing to prevent spreading bacteria.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of covering cuts with blue waterproof plasters in food preparation?
What is the purpose of covering cuts with blue waterproof plasters in food preparation?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a key dietary consideration for someone with coeliac disease?
What is a key dietary consideration for someone with coeliac disease?
Signup and view all the answers
Vegans can consume dairy products.
Vegans can consume dairy products.
Signup and view all the answers
Name one reason why dietary needs might differ between individuals.
Name one reason why dietary needs might differ between individuals.
Signup and view all the answers
A diet consisting of lentils, tofu, and leafy green vegetables is beneficial for individuals who are _______.
A diet consisting of lentils, tofu, and leafy green vegetables is beneficial for individuals who are _______.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the following dietary groups with their characteristics:
Match the following dietary groups with their characteristics:
Signup and view all the answers
Which nutrient is particularly important for females during adolescence once menstruation begins?
Which nutrient is particularly important for females during adolescence once menstruation begins?
Signup and view all the answers
High-fibre diets can help prevent diseases such as type 2 diabetes.
High-fibre diets can help prevent diseases such as type 2 diabetes.
Signup and view all the answers
What should be included in a high-fibre diet?
What should be included in a high-fibre diet?
Signup and view all the answers
Food containing _______ should be avoided by someone who is lactose intolerant.
Food containing _______ should be avoided by someone who is lactose intolerant.
Signup and view all the answers
Which dietary adjustment is recommended for elderly adults?
Which dietary adjustment is recommended for elderly adults?
Signup and view all the answers
Regular exercise is an important aspect of maintaining a healthy lifestyle.
Regular exercise is an important aspect of maintaining a healthy lifestyle.
Signup and view all the answers
Why might young children require more calories than adults?
Why might young children require more calories than adults?
Signup and view all the answers
People with lactose intolerance should consume _______ alternatives.
People with lactose intolerance should consume _______ alternatives.
Signup and view all the answers
What dietary consideration should be taken for adolescents?
What dietary consideration should be taken for adolescents?
Signup and view all the answers
What is one high-protein plant-based food recommended for vegans?
What is one high-protein plant-based food recommended for vegans?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Egg Nutritional Profile and Functions
- Eggs are a good source of protein (13%), mostly saturated fat (10%), vitamins (A, B2, D), and minerals (including iodine).
Egg Functions in Cooking
- Binding: Eggs bind ingredients together during cooking.
- Coating/Enrobing: Eggs help dry ingredients adhere to food during cooking.
- Glazing: A brushed egg wash creates a glossy finish.
- Emulsification: Egg yolk lecithin stabilizes oil and water mixtures.
- Aeration: Beaten egg whites trap air for fluffier textures.
- Thickening: Eggs thicken sauces and custards by coagulating at specific temperatures (egg whites at 60°C, yolks at 70°C).
Egg Safety
- Raw eggs can contain salmonella, causing food poisoning.
- Thoroughly cooked eggs destroy bacteria.
- Pregnant women, babies, the elderly, and frail individuals need extra caution when consuming eggs.
- Manufacturers often use dried or pasteurized eggs for safety.
Egg Cooking Methods
- Boiled/Poached: Healthy options as no added fat is used.
- Scrambled: Healthy, especially if cooked in a microwave, as no extra fat is used.
- Fried: Can absorb a lot of fat from oil; use unsaturated oils and drain excess.
Milk Processing Methods
- Pasteurization: Heating milk to kill harmful bacteria without altering taste.
- Ultra-High Temperature (UHT): Heating milk to a higher temperature for a shorter time to extend shelf life.
- Sterilization: Heating milk to very high temperatures to destroy all microorganisms.
Carbohydrates: Types and Effects
- Sugars (Simple Carbs): Raise blood sugar rapidly.
- Starches (Complex Carbs): Maintain stable blood sugar levels.
Carbohydrate Functions
- Energy Source: 1 gram of carbohydrate provides 3.75 kcal.
- Fiber Source: Whole grain carbohydrates provide fiber.
- Protein Sparing: Carbohydrates allow proteins to focus on growth and repair.
Carbohydrate Sources
- Complex (Starch): Bread, rice, pasta, cereal, potatoes.
- Simple: Sweets, biscuits, shakes, honey, table sugar.
Food Safety Handling Practices
- Minimize handling time.
- Thorough handwashing (before food prep, after raw meat).
- Dry hands to prevent bacteria spread.
- Keep nails short and clean.
- Remove jewelry.
- Cover cuts with waterproof plasters (blue preferred).
- Do not handle food if ill (48-hour exclusion after symptoms cease).
- Wear clean protective clothing (aprons/jackets).
Soy Products
- Soy is a complete protein source containing all essential amino acids.
- Commonly found as soy milk, tofu, soy sauce, meat substitutes.
Raising Agents: Chemical, Biological, Steam/Air, Mechanical
- Raising Agents (General): Produce gas to expand doughs/mixtures when heated.
- Chemical: Bicarbonate of soda (alkali), baking powder (soda + acid), self-raising flour (flour + baking powder).
- Biological: Yeast (releases CO2 and alcohol through fermentation; needs proofing).
- Steam/Air: Water escaping as steam (Yorkshire puddings), adding cold air will reduce rise.
- Mechanical: Folding dough (trapping air), sieving, creaming, rubbing fat into flour, whisking, beating.
Dietary Lifestyle Considerations
- Balanced Diet: Essential for all ages.
- Healthy Weight: Vital to prevent diseases and joint stress; Control portions. Exercise recommended.
- Dietary Needs: Vary based on age (developmental stages), lifestyle choices, dietary restrictions (vegetarian/vegan, coeliac, lactose intolerance, high fiber).
- Meal Planning for Dietary Groups: Vegetarian/Vegan (plant-based proteins, iron sources, B12 supplements), Coeliac Disease (gluten-free alternatives), Lactose Intolerance (lactose-free/plant-based dairy alternatives), High Fibre (lots of fruits, vegetables, whole grains).
- Developmental Stages: Nutritional needs change throughout life. Children (more calories), adolescents (growth spurts, nutrient balance), adults (energetic lifestyles, pregnancy/breastfeeding), elderly (reduced calorie needs, nutrient supplements).
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Explore the nutritional profile of eggs, their versatile functions in cooking, and safety precautions. Learn how eggs aid in binding, coating, glazing, emulsifying, aerating, and thickening food, along with essential cooking methods. This quiz will enhance your understanding of eggs in culinary practices.
